1. Cell Organelles
Follow along on your chart to check your answers. Make sure that you have the KEY WORDS – you do not have to have everything exactly worded

2. 3 main common structures
All eukaryotic cells have 3 main parts in common:
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
nucleus

3. The Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear envelope
Assembles, processes & packages ribosomal subunits
Nuclear envelope
Separates nucleus from cytoplasm for protection of DNA

4. The Nucleus Nuclear pore Nucleus
Regulates molecule passage between nucleus and cytoplasm
Nucleus
Controls cellular activity

5. Nucleus

6. Nuclear pores
Nucleolus

8. Cell (Plasma) Membrane
Phospholipid Bilayer (aka. Cell/plasma membrane)
Controls exchanges of materials between inside and outside of cell

9. Phospholipid Bilayer

11. The Cytoskeleton Provides structure to cell
Supports organelles and allows their movement
Composed of 3 types of fibers
Actin fibers
Microtubules
Intermediate fibers

12. Cell Wall
Structural support & protection
Composed of cellulose
Found only in plant cells (and bacteria)

14. Endoplasmic Reticulum & Ribosomes

15. Ribosomes Synthesize proteins for use or transport
Free ribosomes: proteins for cell use
Bound ribosomes: proteins for export

16. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Segregates, modify, and transport proteins made by the attached ribosomes
All ER is located close to nucleus
Smooth ER
Lipid synthesis
Carbohydrate metabolism
detoxify

17. Rough ER

19. Golgi Apparatus aka. Golgi bodies

20. Golgi Apparatus Modifies, secretes, and packages secretory products
Distributes/recycles membrane parts
Located closer to cell membrane than ER

21. Golgi

24. Important in cell division Only found in animal cells
Centrioles
Important in cell division
Only found in animal cells

26. Plastids Plastids are only found in plant cells
Chloroplast-photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll (green pigment)
Amyloplast/leucoplast: stores starch
Chromoplast: contains pigments other than green for light absorption

28. Mitochondria
Powerplant – makes ATP through cellular respiration

29. Energy
Mitochondrion/Mitochondria

31. Lysosome
Digestion
Contains enzymes

32. Lysosome

34. Central vacuole Large Central one found only in plant cells
Intracellular digestion & storage
Vacuole is a general term for a storage vessel in plants
Vesicle is the general term for a storage vessel in animals

36. Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is the term for the jelly like supportive intracellular fluid
Cytosol is the term for the liquid portion of the fluid
They are often used interchangeably

37. Peroxisome
Creates hydrogen peroxide which is used in fat breakdown, detoxification, and metabolism
We don’t want excess hydrogen peroxide which is why we have catalase enzyme (aka. Peroxidase) to break it down

38. Microtubule Part of the cytoskeleton Shape & support the cell
Help organelles move

41. How are Plant Cells Different?
Plant cells contain 3 structures that animal cells do not.
Large central vacuole
Cell wall
Plastids
Chloroplast
Amyloplast
chromoplast

42. How are animal cells different? Add to bottom of page 5 of booklet
Animal cells contain 2 structures that plant cells do not:
Centrioles
Peroxisomes
Plant cells have something else called a glyoxysomes that help them (you don’t need to memorize that!)