1. Phases of the Moon
The moon revolves around Earth once a month causing the phases of the moon
The phases are caused by the position of the moon relative to the earth and sun
Synchronous rotation—moon’s rotation and revolution are the same amount of time so we always see the same side of the moon!

2. Phases of the Moon New moon Waxing crescent First quarter
Waxing gibbous
Full moon
Waning gibbous
Third quarter
Waning crescent

3. Motions of the Moon
Tides are the rise and fall of Earth’s ocean levels based on the position of the moon relative to Earth
Spring Tide is when the tides are their highest and lowest
Neap Tides are when there is the least range between tides

4. Eclipses
Lunar Eclipse is when the Earth passes between the sun and moon
Solar Eclipse is when the moon passes between the sun and Earth

5. Solar Eclipse Lunar Eclipse
Neap Tide
Solar Eclipse Lunar Eclipse

7. Lunar Eclipse

8. Umbra is the dark shadow where all light is blocked
Total eclipse
Penumbra is the partial blocking of light
Partial eclipse

10. Why don’t we see a solar eclipse every month?
Moon’s orbit is tipped 5o to the elliptical plane
Moon’s distance from Earth varies
Apogee is when the moon is the farthest away from the Earth
Perigee is when the moon is closest to the Earth