1. United States Constitution Exam Preparation
Odds & Ends

2. Targets of this Slideshow…
NOTE: Many of the item is in this Odds & Ends section are covered in other slideshow presentations and are already within previous targets.
At the end of this slide presentation, I can…
Identify key Founding Fathers and their role in history
Describe key historical events preceding the independence of the US
Describe the purpose of the Census
Describe the purpose of Suffrage

3. Targets of this Slideshow…
In addition, I can…
Describe the key plans debated during the Constitutional Convention
Identify key definitions related to the Legislative Branch
Identify key definitions related to the Executive Branch
Identify key definitions related to the Judicial Branch

4. Targets of this Slideshow…
In addition, I can…
Identify the territories under the control of the United States that are not states

5. Odds & Ends Number of Original Colonies/States 13
Current number of States 50
How to become a state
Congress must approve admittance
Nation’s Capitol
Washington, District of Columbia

6. Odds & Ends Philadelphia, PA
Birthplace of the Declaration, Articles of Confederation & Constitution
Author of the Declaration
Thomas Jefferson
Father of the Constitution
James Madison
Amendments in the US Constitution 27

7. Odds & Ends Bill of Rights First Ten Amendments
Limits the power of the government
Preamble to the US Constitution
Thesis statement of guiding principles to the Constitution
Number of Articles in Constitution
Seven

8. Odds & Ends Shot Heard ‘Round the World
April 19, 1775 – Lexington & Concord
Independence Day
July 4, 1776
Ratification of Constitution
9 out of 13 states needed
Delaware was the 1st to Ratify
New Hampshire was the 9th
First President (Chief Executive)
George Washington

9. Odds & Ends Presidential Cabinet
Senior Appointed Officers of the Executive Branch
Currently, there are 15 members & 6 Cabinet-level members (not counting the VP)
Title of Judges on Supreme Court
Justices

10. Odds & Ends Bicameral Two Houses or Chambers Unicameral
One House or Chamber
Census
Count of the population, mandated by the Constitution every 10 years
Suffrage
The Right to Vote

11. Odds & Ends Congressional Plans Virginia Plan for Big States
Bicameral Legislature; both houses representation based on population
New Jersey Plan for Small States
Unicameral Legislature; House representation was equal between the states
Compromise Plan
Connecticut Compromise
Bicameral Legislature; House based on Population and Senate with equal state representation
Great Compromiser
Roger Sherman of Connecticut

12. Odds & Ends 3/5’s Compromise
Slaves were counted in the census as 3/5s of a person
This was eliminated by the 13th & 14th Amendments
Head of the Senate
Title: President of the Senate
Vice President holds this position

13. Odds & Ends Treaty An Agreement between two or more countries
How to make a treaty
Made by President
Approved by Senate by 2/3 vote
Has the force of national law when approved

14. Odds & Ends Crime of Treason Make war against the country
Aid or comfort to the enemy
Montesquieu
Idea of Separation of Powers in three branches
Origins of American Government
Began in England with the Magna Carta limiting the power of the King.

15. Odds & Ends Gerrymandering
Drawing unusually shaped Congressional boundaries in order to gain a political advantage; deemed illegal & unethical

16. Odds & Ends Filibuster Procedure in the Senate Only
A maneuver in the Senate to talk for as long as possible to stop or delay a bill from going to a vote. Currently, a filibuster can be stopped if 3/5s of the Senate votes to stop it (cloture).

17. Odds & Ends
Veto
Power of the president to reject a bill of Congress; can be overridden
Pocket Veto
President does nothing with a bill for 10 days (excluding Sundays)
If Congress is in session – its law!
If Congress is not in session – it is not law!

18. Odds & Ends Due Process Legal rights each person has under the law
Habeas Corpus
To determine if someone is being lawfully held by the government
Stare Decisis
Courts respecting past court decisions

19. Odds & Ends Bill of Attainder
Legislature declaring someone guilty of a crime without a judicial trial
Jus Sanguinis
Right of citizenship based on citizenship of parents
Jus Soli
Right of citizenship based on location of birth

20. Odds & Ends Ex Post Facto Law
Laws that punish those before the law was enacted
This type of law is unconstitutional
Legal Principle of Guilt
The accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law

21. Odds & Ends Punishments of Impeachment Removed from public office
Barred from holding public office in the future
Judicial Review
Power of the Judicial Branch to review the constitutionality of any law or act
Marbury v Madison
Origin of the principle of Judicial Review

22. Odds & Ends Enumerated Powers
Also known as Delegated or Expressed Powers
Powers directly given to national government in the Constitution
Reserved Powers
Powers that are reserved for the states
Comes from the 10th Amendment

23. Odds & Ends Implied Powers
Powers of the national government not directly given in the Constitution
Comes from the Necessary & Proper Clause
McCulloch v Maryland was first case to rule that this power exists

24. Odds & Ends Concurrent Powers
Powers that are shared by both the national and state governments

25. Odds & Ends Territories of the United States Puerto Rico
(Commonwealth Territory)
District of Columbia
(Federal District)
U.S. Virgin Islands
(Territory)
Northern Mariana Islands
(Commonwealth Territory)
American Samoa
(Territory)
Guam
(Territory)

26. End of Slide Presentation