1. Biochemistry Making Sense

2. 2 biological reasons we exist???
Survive
Reproduce

3. Location = Cytoplasm ATP
The cells have phosphate and ADP groups floating around the cytoplasm. When these groups join, they make ATP! (a high energy compound).
Adenosine
Phosphate
High-energy bond: Stores much energy
*This energy is released when the bond is broken*
ATP
Energy
Adenosine
Phosphate
When the cell is ready to use the energy it breaks that chemical bond and they become ADP and a phosphate floating around the cytoplasm again.
Phosphate

4. 4 Types of Bio-molecules
Carbohydrates = ENERGY
Starch Fiber Sugars
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acid = Genetic Information
Nucleotide, DNA, RNA
Proteins = ENERGY, storage, structural support, transport, cell communication, movement and defense.
Dipeptides
Polypeptides
Proteins
Amino acids
Fat = ENERGY STORAGE
Fatty acids, Glycerol, Glycerides, Lipids

5. Carbohydrate -saccharide (sugar/glucose)
Identification: Contains Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen only. Straight chain or ring.
1 = Monosaccharides
2 = Disaccharides
Many = Polysaccharides

6. Nucleic Acid DNA and RNA Genetic information
Units are called nucleotides
3 nucleotides “words” are the code for how to build proteins.
Identification: sugar + nitrogen containing ring + phosphate group(s).
Deoxyadenosine monophosphate

7. 1. Nucleic acids make up amino acids and they make up proteins
Protein -peptides
Protein
3. Proteins = polypeptide
Nucleic acid
Amino acid
A - T - G - C
1. Nucleic acids make up amino acids and they make up proteins
2. Dipeptide = 2 peptide chains
Polypeptide = many peptide chains
Identification: Have NH2 (amino groups) and COOH (carboxylic acid).

8. Glycerides = Type of Lipids
Fat - lipids
Glycerol + Fatty acids = Glycerides
Glycerides = Type of Lipids

9. Monomer (“one”) - A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.
Carboyhydrates – monosaccharide
Protein – amino acid
Fat/Lipid – glycerol + fatty acid unit
Nucleic acid - nucleotide