1. Do Now Activity #5
List 3 anatomical parts of the male reproductive system. Describe their functions.
List 3 anatomical parts of the female reproductive system. Describe their functions.
Which cycle develops the female gamete? Which cycle develops the egg & uterus for fertilization?

2. chapter 20: The Lymphatic System
Essential Question:
Explain the importance of vessels in the Lymphatic System.
chapter 20: The Lymphatic System
Learning Targets
Identify structure and function of 3 types of muscle tissue.
Identify the functional characteristics of muscle tissue.
List the functions of muscle
Describe the anatomy of skeletal muscle

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4. Overview: The Lymphatic System
The lymphatic system is a network of lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissues and organs scattered throughout the body.

5. Overview: Physiology
The Lymphatic System returns fluid and leaked plasma proteins back to the blood.
Lymph: interstitial fluid/plasma once it has entered lymphatic vessels
It houses white blood cells that defend the body.

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7. Lymphatic Vessels & Capillaries
The vessels in the Lymphatic System are a one-way system in which lymph flows toward the heart.
Lymphatic capillaries are remarkably permeable, and they have mini-valves that allow interstitial fluid to enter, but do not allow lymph to escape.

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9. Lymph Transport
The lymphatic system lacks an organ that acts as a pump.
Vessels are under low-pressure.
In order to transport lymph, the Lymphatic System uses the pulsations of nearby arteries and the contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatic structures.
The presence of valves prevent back flow.

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11. Lymph Nodes Lymph nodes are the principal lymphoid organs of the body.
These monitor cell debris in the lymph.
Their two basic functions are:
To filter out debris
To monitor for antigens and mount an immune attack against them

12. Afferent
lymphatic
vessels
Cortex:
• Lymphoid follicle
• Germinal center
• Subcapsular sinus
Efferent
lymphatic
vessels
Follicles
Trabecula
Subcapsular
sinus
Hilum
Medulla:
Capsule
• Medullary
cord
• Medullary
sinus
Medullary
cords
Medullary
sinuses
Trabeculae
(a)
Capsule
(b)

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14. Spleen The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ.
It stores blood platelets.
The spleen functions:
--at the site of lymphocyte rapid growth
--as immune surveillance & response
--to cleanse the blood
The spleen stores breakdown products of red blood cells for later reuse.
Spleen macrophages salvage and store iron for later use by bone marrow.

15. Structure of the Spleen
Capsule
Trabecula
Splenic cords
Venous sinuses
Red pulp
White pulp
Hilum
Splenic artery
Central artery
Splenic vein
Arterioles and
capillaries
(a)
(b)
Splenic artery
Splenic vein
Diaphragm
Capsule
Spleen
Adrenal
gland
Left
kidney
White pulp
Splenic
artery
Red pulp
Pancreas
(c)
(d)

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17. Thymus
This is the organ that secretes hormones (thymosin) that cause T lymphocytes to mature.
It functions strictly in the maturing of T lymphocytes.
It does not directly fight antigens.

18. Thymic
(Hassall’s)
corpuscle
Medulla
Cortex

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20. Tonsils
This is the simplest lymphoid organs; it forms a ring of lymphatic tissue around the pharynx.
It traps and destroys bacteria and particulate matter.

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22. Aggregates of Lymphoid Follicles
The appendix destroys bacteria, preventing them from breaching the intestinal wall.
The appendix generates “memory” lymphocytes for long-term immunity.

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