1. Physics- The basics
Mrs. Schwartz
2016

2. Physics- the basics What is physics?
the branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and energy.
Includes:
mechanics, heat, light and other radiation, sound, electricity, magnetism, and the structure of atoms.

4. Falling objects, friction, weight, spinning objects
Areas Within Physics
Name
Subjects
Examples
Mechanics
Motion and its causes
Falling objects, friction, weight, spinning objects
Thermodynamics
Heat and temperature
Melting and freezing processes, engines, refrigerators
Vibrations and wave phenomena
Specific types of repetitive motions
Springs, pendulums, sound
Optics
Light
Mirrors, lenses, color, astronomy
Electromagnetism
Electricity, magnetism, light
Electrical charge, circuitry, permanent magnets, electromagnets
Relativity
Particles moving at any speed, including high speeds
Particle collision, particle accelerators, nuclear energy
Quantum mechanics
Behavior of submicroscopic particles
The atom and its parts

5. The scientific method

6. The scientific method Observations/Question Hypothesis: Experiment
Collect data
Interpret/analyze
Conclusion:

7. Measurements SI units = never leave your number naked!
5means nothing! 5m means something
Do you remember the si units for the following?
Length
Time
Mass
Volume

8. prefixes

9. Conversion factors Ex
1m =100cm
Helps us with dimensional analysis

10. Scientific notation
express the very large and the very small numbers so that problem solving will be made easier.
Examples:
The mass of one gold atom is
grams.
One gram of hydrogen contains
hydrogen atoms.

11. Practice Problems ANSWERS PROBLEMS 1.2 x 10-4 1 x 103 1 x 10-2
Put these numbers in scientific notation.
PROBLEMS
1.2 x 10-4
1 x 103
1 x 10-2
1.2 x 101
9.87 x 10-1
5.96 x 102
7.0 x 10-7
1.0 x 106
1.26 x 10-3
9.88 x 1011
8 x 100
ANSWERS
.00012
1000
0.01 12
.987
596
1,000,000
987,653,000,000 8

12. EXPRESS THE FOLLOWING AS WHOLE NUMBERS OR AS DECIMALS
PROBLEMS
ANSWERS
4.9 X 102
3.75 X 10-2
5.95 X 10-4
9.46 X 103
3.87 X 101
7.10 X 100
8.2 X 10-5
490
.0375
9460
38.7
7.10

13. Sample Problem: Multiply (3.2 x 10-3) (2.1 x 105)
Multiplication
When multiplying numbers written in scientific notation…..multiply the first factors and add the exponents.
Sample Problem: Multiply (3.2 x 10-3) (2.1 x 105)
Solution: Multiply 3.2 x Add the exponents
Answer: 6.7 x 102

14. Sample Problem: Divide (6.4 x 106) by (1.7 x 102)
Division
Divide the numerator by the denominator. Subtract the exponent in the denominator from the exponent in the numerator.
Sample Problem: Divide (6.4 x 106) by (1.7 x 102)
Solution: Divide 6.4 by Subtract the exponents 6 - 2
Answer: 3.8 x 104

15. Addition and Subtraction
To add or subtract numbers written in scientific notation, you must….express them with the same power of ten.
Sample Problem: Add (5.8 x 103) and (2.16 x 104)
Solution: Since the two numbers are not expressed as the same power of ten, one of the numbers will have to be rewritten in the same power of ten as the other.
5.8 x 103 = .58 x so .58 x x 104 =?
Answer: x 104

16. Sig figs- ugh
Measurement that consists of all known digits with an uncertain digit at the end
Uncertain digit
The digit that you as the experimenter must estimate

17. Sig fig rules

18. Sig fig math Adding and Subtracting Multiplying and Dividing
Answer must have the same number of digits to the right of the decimal point as there are in the measurement having the fewest digits to the right of the decimal point.
= 9.49
Multiplying and Dividing
Answer can have no more significant figures than are in the measurement with the fewest number of significant figures.
3.05/8.47 = .360

19. Examples How many significant figures? Solve 28.6g 3440. cm 910mkg
Solve
5.44m – m =
2.4g/mL x mL =