1. Seat Work
Please quietly enter the room, find your seats and discuss your three sticky notes with your row group.
Central Question:
How is the location people choose for faming different from the location for hunting and gathering? (3.5e)

2. Introduction
Chapter Introduction
This chapter will introduce you to the Beginning of Civilization. You will learn about early agriculture and how it made permanent settlements possible.
Section 1: Early Agriculture
Section 2: Cities and Civilizations

3. Early Agriculture
Key Ideas
Human life changed dramatically when people learned to domesticate plants and animals.
Farming enabled people to settle in one place and develop specialized skills.

5. Early Agriculture
Key Terms
revolution—a complete change in ways of thinking, working, or living
domesticate—to change plants and animals to be useful for humans
surplus—more of something than one needs for one’s own use
specialization—when people work mostly at a single job or craft
Students should use the Word Wise feature for Section 1 of the Beginning of Civilization chapter of their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

7. How was the Neolithic Era different from the Paleolithic Era?
Early Agriculture
How was the Neolithic Era different
from the Paleolithic Era?
About 10,000 years ago, humans learned to farm.
Over time most hunter-gatherers stopped wandering in search of food. They settled in one place.
The change from hunting to farming is called the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution.
Point out the key term “revolution” and make sure students know that it means “a complete change in ways of thinking, working, or living.” Discuss why settling in one place might be a revolution for hunter-gatherer societies.

8. Early Agriculture
The Birth of Farming
Why do you think learning to farm was such an important change for early human society?
Use these questions to review students’ understanding of the subsection The Birth of Farming.

9. How did farming spread? Early Agriculture
Point out this map to students from their textbooks and discuss the early crops that were grown in different parts of the world. Explain that scientists believe that domestication began in southwestern Asia and spread from there to other parts of the world.

11. Costs and Benefits of Farming
Early Agriculture
Costs and Benefits of Farming
Costs
Time and energy for
planting and herding
Uncertainty due to
weather or disease
Danger of attack or theft
Food surplus
Smaller land needs
Chance to build
permanent homes
New materials for clothing
Benefits
Ask students which cost or benefit they think is most compelling. Then use the information in the organizer to help students understand why most groups eventually chose farming.

12. In Table Groups discus:
Early Agriculture
New Ways of Living
In Table Groups discus:
Explain how social structures changed as people began to settle in permanent homes.
Use these questions to review students’ understanding of the subsection New Ways of Living.

13. Rotations Rotation 1 Rotation 2 Not today Group 1 Research Station
WB p37
Group 2
Group 4
Group 1
Group 3
Group 2
Group 4