1. Global Patterns
5.3
Pages

2. How do global patterns affect local weather?

3. Patterns that affect temperature
Temperature is affected by latitude, altitude, distance from large bodies of water, and ocean currents
Latitude – distance from equator measured in degrees

4. Based on Latitude, Earth’s surface can be divided into 3 temperature zones. Pg.165
Polar zone
Temperate zone
Tropical
zone
Temperate zone
Polar zone

5. Tropical Zone
An area near the equator, between north and south latitude.
*gets direct sunlight all year
*this area is warm

6. Temperate Zone Between polar and tropical zone.
Sun strikes more directly in the summer causing it to be more warm/hot
Sun strikes at lower angle in winter causing it to be cool/cold.

7. Polar Zone 66.5 ⁰ to 90 ⁰ N and 66.5 ⁰ to 90 ⁰ S latitude
The sun’s rays strike
at a lower angle near North and South Poles making these
areas cold

8. Altitude
In the troposphere, temperature decreases about 6.5 ⁰C for every 1 kilometer increase in altitude.

9. Distance from large bodies of water
Because water takes longer to heat up and cool down, land areas near water tend to be cooler in the summer and milder in the winter.

10. Ocean Currents
Streams of water within the ocean that move in regular patterns. Ex. Gulf Stream
The temperature of the current affects the temperature of the air.

11. Patterns that affect precipitation
The main factors that affect precipitation are prevailing winds, the presence of mountains, jet streams, and seasonal winds.

12. Prevailing winds
Winds that usually blow in one direction in a region. In the U.S., winds blow from the west.

13. Wind and Precipitation Mountains can form a barrier to humid air
Wind and Precipitation Mountains can form a barrier to humid air. What happens to the humid air when it encounters the mountains? pg. 168
Windward
Leeward
Green
Brown
Green
Label: windward, leeward
Shade: green (plants), brown (no plants)
Windward- the side of the mountain range that faces
The oncoming wind.
Leeward – the side of the mountain range that faces
away from the oncoming wind.

14. Jet Streams Narrow bands of high-speed
Which arrow shows the polar jet stream on the diagram? Which arrow shows the subtropical jet stream? Pg. 169
Polar jet stream
Jet Streams
Narrow bands of high-speed
winds about km above Earth’s surface.
Subtropical jet stream

15. Seasonal Winds
Monsoon –sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons.

16. Global Wind Patterns