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2. Resources Chapter Presentation Bellringers Image Bank
Standards Assessment
Visual Concepts

3. Chapter 5 Table of Contents Section 1 Elements Section 2 Compounds
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Table of Contents
Section 1 Elements
Section 2 Compounds
Section 3 Mixtures

4. Chapter 5 Bellringer List the names of five metals.
Section 1 Elements
Bellringer
List the names of five metals.
Use your list to describe some of the properties of metals.
Write your answers in your Science Journal.

5. Chapter 5 What You Will Learn
Section 1 Elements
What You Will Learn
An element is a pure substance in which there is only one kind of atom.
An element cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by physical or chemical means.
Each element can be classified by a unique set of physical and chemical properties.
Based on their properties, elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.

6. Elements, the Simplest Substances
Chapter 5
Section 1 Elements
Elements, the Simplest Substances
An element is a pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
A pure substance is a substance in which all of the “building-block” particles are identical.
For elements, the building-block particles are called atoms.

7. Classification Scheme for Matter
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Classification Scheme for Matter

8. Chapter 5 Classifying Elements
Section 1 Elements
Classifying Elements
Each element can be classified by its unique set of characteristic properties.
Characteristic properties include physical properties and chemical properties.
Each element can be identified by its unique set of properties.

9. Chapter 5 Grouping Elements
Section 1 Elements
Grouping Elements
Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids based on their properties.
Metals are shiny and conduct heat and electric current. Nonmetals are dull in appearance and do not conduct heat or electric current.
Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

10. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5

11. Chapter 5
Section 2 Compounds
Bellringer
In your Science Journal, make a list of chemical properties and a list of physical properties. Then, read the following statement: “Salt is a compound that is composed of sodium and chlorine atoms. Therefore, sodium and chlorine must have properties that are similar to those of salt.”
Is this statement true or false? In your Science Journal, write an explanation of your answer.

12. Chapter 5 What You Will Learn
Section 2 Compounds
What You Will Learn
A compound is made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined to form a new substance with different properties.
During a chemical reaction, the reactant atoms of two or more elements interact and join to form molecules of one or more compounds.
Each compound has a unique set of physical and chemical properties that differ from the properties of the elements that make up the compound.

13. Compounds: Made of Elements
Chapter 5
Section 2 Compounds
Compounds: Made of Elements
A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
Elements combine by reacting, or undergoing a chemical change, with one another.
A chemical reaction is the process by which substances change into new substances.

14. Compounds: Made of Elements, continued
Chapter 5
Section 2 Compounds
Compounds: Made of Elements, continued
During a chemical reaction, the atoms of two or more elements react with each other to form molecules of compounds.
When two or more elements combine, a new compound is formed. The properties of the new compound are different from the properties of the elements that formed the compound.

15. Properties of Compounds
Chapter 5
Section 2 Compounds
Properties of Compounds
Each compound has unique physical and chemical properties.
A compound has properties that differ from the properties of the elements that make up the compound.
Elements always join in a specific ratio to form a specific compound.

16. Law of Definite Proportions
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Law of Definite Proportions

17. Breaking Down Compounds
Chapter 5
Section 2 Compounds
Breaking Down Compounds
The only way to break down a compound is through a chemical change.
Some compounds can be broken down into their elements.
Other compounds can be broken down to form simpler compounds instead of elements.

18. Compounds in Your World
Chapter 5
Section 2 Compounds
Compounds in Your World
The compounds found in nature are not usually the raw materials needed by industry. Often, these compounds must be broken down to provide elements or other compounds that can be used as raw materials.
Proteins and carbon dioxide are two compounds that play an important role in living things.

19. Chapter 5
Section 3 Mixtures
Bellringer
When you add sugar to lemonade, the sugar disappears. What do you think happens to the sugar?
Write your answer in your Science Journal.

20. Chapter 5 What You Will Learn
Section 3 Mixtures
What You Will Learn
Mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as distillation, filtration, and evaporation.
A solution is a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of a solute dissolved in a solvent.
Concentration is a measure of the amount of a solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent.

21. Properties of Mixtures
Chapter 5
Section 3 Mixtures
Properties of Mixtures
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Each substance in a mixture keeps its identity because no chemical change happens when a mixture is made.

22. Properties of Mixtures, continued
Chapter 5
Section 3 Mixtures
Properties of Mixtures, continued
Mixtures can be separated by physical means, such as filtration, evaporation, and distillation.
The components of a mixture do not need to be mixed in a definite ratio.

23. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5

24. Chapter 5
Section 3 Mixtures
Solutions
A solution appears to be a single substance, but it is actually a homogeneous mixture composed of particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly among each other.
In solutions, the solute is the substance that is dissolved. The solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved.

25. Chapter 5 Solutions, continued
Section 3 Mixtures
Solutions, continued
A substance that is insoluble, or unable to dissolve, forms a mixture that is not a solution.
Solutions may be liquids, gases, or solids.
Alloys are solid solutions in which metals or nonmetals are dissolved in other metals.

26. Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions

27. Concentration of Solutions
Chapter 5
Section 3 Mixtures
Concentration of Solutions
Concentration is the amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of a mixture or solution. The terms concentrated and dilute do not tell you the exact concentration of solute.
Solubility is the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a certain temperature and pressure.

28. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5

29. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
mixture
filter
element
solution
compound

30. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Concept Map

31. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
Concept Map

32. Chapter 5 End of Chapter 5 Show
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Chapter 5
End of Chapter 5 Show

33. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
1. Which of the following words means “to act upon one another”?
A. interact
B. convert
C. dissolve
D. transform

34. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
1. Which of the following words means “to act upon one another”?
A. interact
B. convert
C. dissolve
D. transform

35. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
2. In the sentence “Argon has several properties distinct from other gases,” what does distinct mean?
A. making a clear impression
B. notable
C. separate
D. easily seen

36. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
2. In the sentence “Argon has several properties distinct from other gases,” what does distinct mean?
A. making a clear impression
B. notable
C. separate
D. easily seen

37. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
3. Which of the following words means “a substance formed by chemically combining two or more elements”?
A. molecule
B. compound
C. mixture
D. solution

38. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
3. Which of the following words means “a substance formed by chemically combining two or more elements”?
A. molecule
B. compound
C. mixture
D. solution

39. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
4. In the sentence “Atoms of a certain element have a definite structure,” which word is the closest in meaning to structure?
A. arrangement
B. size
C. property
D. density

40. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
4. In the sentence “Atoms of a certain element have a definite structure,” which word is the closest in meaning to structure?
A. arrangement
B. size
C. property
D. density

41. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
5. Choose the word that best completes the sentence “Elements sometimes undergo a chemical _____ to form new substances.”
A. react
B. reactor
C. reaction
D. reactive

42. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
5. Choose the word that best completes the sentence “Elements sometimes undergo a chemical _____ to form new substances.”
A. react
B. reactor
C. reaction
D. reactive

43. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
6. Fundamental substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances are
A. elements.
B. ions.
C. bonds.
D. electrons.

44. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
6. Fundamental substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances are
A. elements.
B. ions.
C. bonds.
D. electrons.

45. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
7. Imagine that you were asked to classify four samples of equal and known volume, each of which was made up of a single element. Which factor would be most useful for identifying them?
A. mass
B. shape
C. hardness
D. original source

46. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
7. Imagine that you were asked to classify four samples of equal and known volume, each of which was made up of a single element. Which factor would be most useful for identifying them?
A. mass
B. shape
C. hardness
D. original source

47. Chapter 5 Use the table below to answer the next question.
Standards Assessment
Use the table below to answer the next question.

48. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
8. Which two substances in the table above are most likely the same?
A. substances A and C
B. substances B and D
C. substances C and D
D. substances A and D

49. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
8. Which two substances in the table above are most likely the same?
A. substances A and C
B. substances B and D
C. substances C and D
D. substances A and D

50. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
9. If two poisonous gases are combined chemically, which of the following will be true of the resulting compound?
A. The compound will be more poisonous than the gases.
B. The compound will be as poisonous as the gases.
C. The compound may or may not be poisonous.
D. The compound will not be poisonous.

51. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
9. If two poisonous gases are combined chemically, which of the following will be true of the resulting compound?
A. The compound will be more poisonous than the gases.
B. The compound will be as poisonous as the gases.
C. The compound may or may not be poisonous.
D. The compound will not be poisonous.

52. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
10. Which of the following processes can break down a compound?
A. dissolving and filtering
B. distilling at the boiling points of the compound’s components
C. using a magnet to attract the compound’s metallic components
D. applying an electric current

53. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
10. Which of the following processes can break down a compound?
A. dissolving and filtering
B. distilling at the boiling points of the compound’s components
C. using a magnet to attract the compound’s metallic components
D. applying an electric current

54. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
Use the diagrams below to answer the next question. The diagrams represent the distribution of substances in four samples.

55. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
11. In the illustrations above, A and B are elements, and <AB> is a compound of elements A and B. Which illustration represents a solution of A and B?
A. Sample 1
B. Sample 2
C. Sample 3
D. Sample 4

56. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
11. In the illustrations above, A and B are elements, and <AB> is a compound of elements A and B. Which illustration represents a solution of A and B?
A. Sample 1
B. Sample 2
C. Sample 3
D. Sample 4

57. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
12. When a solid copper block is heated at one end, the entire block is eventually heated. By what process is the heat transferred?
A. conduction
B. convection
C. refraction
D. radiation

58. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
12. When a solid copper block is heated at one end, the entire block is eventually heated. By what process is the heat transferred?
A. conduction
B. convection
C. refraction
D. radiation

59. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
13. Which of the following is most likely to occur when warm water is mixed with cold water?
A. The warm and cold water remain at their original temperatures.
B. The mixed water soon reaches the same temperature as the cold water.
C. The mixed water soon reaches the same temperature as the warm water.
D. The mixed water soon reaches a temperature between the temperatures of the warm water and the cold water.

60. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
13. Which of the following is most likely to occur when warm water is mixed with cold water?
A. The warm and cold water remain at their original temperatures.
B. The mixed water soon reaches the same temperature as the cold water.
C. The mixed water soon reaches the same temperature as the warm water.
D. The mixed water soon reaches a temperature between the temperatures of the warm water and the cold water.

61. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
14. If the molecules of a substance are locked in place, the substance is most likely a(n)
A. element.
B. compound.
C. gas.
D. solid.

62. Chapter 5
Standards Assessment
14. If the molecules of a substance are locked in place, the substance is most likely a(n)
A. element.
B. compound.
C. gas.
D. solid.

63. Chapter 5 15. Which of the following occurs when a liquid is boiled?
Standards Assessment
15. Which of the following occurs when a liquid is boiled?
A. Its molecules break apart from each other.
B. It undergoes a chemical reaction.
C. It breaks down into its elements
D. Its molecules lock into place.

64. Chapter 5 15. Which of the following occurs when a liquid is boiled?
Standards Assessment
15. Which of the following occurs when a liquid is boiled?
A. Its molecules break apart from each other.
B. It undergoes a chemical reaction.
C. It breaks down into its elements
D. Its molecules lock into place.