1. AULÃO INGLÊS - UDESC 2013/2 - MIGUEL ARCANJO

2. Personal Pronouns I love you! This is my problem, not yours.
Subject Pronoun
Object Pronoun
Possessive
Adjective
Possessive Pronoun
Reflexive Pronoun I
you he
she it we
they me
you
him
her it us
them my
your
his
her
its
our
their
mine
yours
his
hers -
ours
theirs
myself
yourself
himself
herself
Itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
I love you!
This is my problem, not yours.
Judy can take car of herself.

3. Relative Pronouns You are the professional whom I’m looking for.
that
which
who (whom)
que
You are the professional whom I’m looking for.
which
whom
qual
quem
This is the policy in which I believe.
whose
cujo
John is the man whose car was stolen.
where
what
when
onde
que
quando
This is the moment when I say goodbye.

4. Prepostions aboard about above across after against along amid among
anti
around as at
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
besides
between
beyond
but by in
inside
into
concerning
considering
past
per
plus
under
underneath
unlike
until up
upon
despite
down
during of
off on
onto
opposite
outside
over
regarding
round
save
since
than
through to
toward
towards
except
excepting
excluding
versus
via
with
within
without
following
for
from

5. Prepostions Classes will be over within a week.
time
Classes will be over within a week.
place
These words come within my heart.
agent
This poem was written by Edgar Allan Paul.
device
Getting around by bus seems very difficult.

6. Linking Words although though even though In spite of despite
notwithstanding
for example
for instance
like as
However,
yet
yet
nonetheless
nevertheless
hence
therefore
thus
plus
moreover
what’s more
besides
furthermore
and
because
since
For as

7. Articles A car destroyed in an accident.
indefinite
A car destroyed in an accident.
definite
The real problems are yet to come.

8. Gerund
Verbo na Forma ING
Continuous
Adjective
Noun

9. Indefinite Pronouns I have some money in the back.
any
Have you had any problems? no
I have no money to lend you.
none
None of you will understand what is in my head.
compounds
thing – where – time – body - one.

10. Nouns Trained dogs can become lethal weapons. Make love, not war.
Countable
Trained dogs can become lethal weapons.
Uncountable
Make love, not war.
gerund
Dancing is really restoring!

11. Adverbs The train hasn't arrived yet. We saw you there.
time
The train hasn't arrived yet.
place
We saw you there.
manner
You must drive your car carefully.
frequency
I won’t be home very often.

12. Verb Tenses She sings in a band. She sang in a band last year.
Simple Present
She sings in a band.
Simple Past
She sang in a band last year.
Simple Future
She will sing in a band.
Immediate Future
She is going to sing in a band.
Future of the Past
She would sing in a band.
Present Perfect
She has sung in a band.
Past Perfect
She had sung in a band.
Continuous = verb be + ing.

13. Modal We all can attain our goals.
Could
Mark could ride a bike when he was 8.
May
Studies may prove you are wrong.
Might
It might rain tomorro.
Must
Mark must see a doctor.
Should
Sammy should see a doctor too.
Ought to
You ought to show respect to the elderly.

14. Phrasal Verbs We had to make up a story to convience him to come.
go without
When I was young, we went without winter boots.
hand smth down
I handed my old comic books down to my little cousin.
pass away
His uncle passed away last night after a long illness.
wear off
Most of my make-up wore off before I got to the party.

15. Comparative of Superiority
long adjectives
Josh is more handsome than Jerry.
short adjectives
Jane is taller than Sue.
good
Water is better than soda.
bad
Winter is worse than summer.
far
Hawaii is farther than Japan.

16. Superlative of Superiority
long adjectives
Sally is the most attractive girl that I know.
short adjectives
That tower is the highest bulding in the city.
good
Physics is the best subject in school.
bad
Randy’s is the worst restaurant in town.
far
Hawaii is the farthest place on Earth.

17. Passive and Active Voice
They have cut more trees.
Passive Voice
More trees have been cut.
Active Voice
Shirley loves you very much.
Passive Voice
You are loved by Shirley very much.

18. a) personal pronoun, reflexive pronoun, object pronoun
1. (2010-1) The words “We” (line 1), “our” (line 5), “us” (line 6), are consecutively:
a) personal pronoun, reflexive pronoun, object pronoun
b) object pronoun, possessive adjective, personal pronoun
c) object pronoun, personal pronoun, possessive adjective
d) personal pronoun, reflexive pronoun, possessive adjective
e) personal pronoun, possessive adjective, object pronoun e

19. a) to learn, to meet, to bring, to try
2. The infinitive of the verbs: “learned” (line 1), “met” (line 2), “brought” (line 9), “tried” (line 15) , is consecutively:
a) to learn, to meet, to bring, to try
b) to larne, to met, to broug, to trie
c) to learn, to met, to bring, to tri
d) to learne, to meet, to brough, to try
e) to lear, to meet, to bring, to tri a

20. a) surmounting (line 15) is a substantive
3. Mark the alternative which represents the correct grammar use of the vocabulary in the text.
a) surmounting (line 15) is a substantive
b) Best of all (line 5) is a comparative of superiority
c) powerful (line 10) is an adverb
d) thus (line 21) is an adverb
e) back (line 11) is a part of the body d

21. 4. The two underlined sentences are consecutively:
a) question tag and present perfect.
b) simple past question and simple present question.
c) tag question and simple present question.
d) simple past question and imperative.
e) tag question and imperative. a

22. a) adverb, comparative of superiority, pronoun, adverb.
5. (2010-1) The words: “yearly” (line 2), “higher” (line 10), “rainy” (line 16), “which” (line 10), are used consecutively in the text as:
a) adverb, comparative of superiority, pronoun, adverb.
b) noun, adverb, relative pronoun, adjective.
c) comparative of superiority, noun, adverb, comparative of superiority.
d) adverb, comparative of superiority, noun, adjective.
e) adjective, comparative of superiority, adjective, pronoun. e

23. a) idiom, adjective, preposition. b) noun, number, preposition.
6. (2010-1) The words “even though” (line 17), “a three-way” (line 18), “upon” (line 19), are used consecutively in the text as:
a) idiom, adjective, preposition.
b) noun, number, preposition.
c) substantive, noun, preposition.
d) noun, adjective, conjunction.
e) idiom, number, noun. a

24. 7. (2011-1) The correct verb tense used in the sentence “… others have been bitten by the travel bug…” (lines 2 and 3) is:
a) past perfect.
b) present simple.
c) present perfect.
d) past simple.
e) active voice. c

25. 8. (2011-1) Some of the prepositions we find in the text are:
8. (2011-1) Some of the prepositions we find in the text are:
a) for, also, that, the.
b) to, the, of, for.
c) of, the, or, and.
d) and, that, from, into.
e) into, of, from, for. e

26. e) present perfect continuous.
9. (2011-1) The words “collecting” (line 7), “processing” (line 7) and “remanufacturing” (line 7) are being used in
the text as:
a) negative inversion.
b) gerund.
c) simple present.
d) subjunctive.
e) present perfect continuous. b

27. b) an adverb, a superlative, an adverb, a conjunction.
10. (2011-2) The words “roughly” (line 11), “lighter” (line 10), “nearby” (line 21) and “Plus” (line 10) are used in the
text as:
a) an adverb, a comparative of superiority, an adjective, a conjunction.
b) an adverb, a superlative, an adverb, a conjunction.
c) a conjunction, a comparative of inferiority, a verb and an adverb.
d) a subjunctive, comparative of superiority, preposition and an adjective.
e) a conjunction, a superlative, a preposition, an adverb. a

28. b) comparative of superiority c) superlative d) equality e) synonyms
11.(2012-1) The words “biggest” (line 6) and “brightest” (line 6) are examples of:
a) inferiority
b) comparative of superiority
c) superlative
d) equality
e) synonyms c

29. 12. (2012-1) The verb tenses “have speculated” (line 4), “have determined” (line 7) and “have known” (line 16)
are:
a) Past perfect
b) Simple present
c) Present perfect
d) Past participle
e) Gerund c

30. 13. Mark the correct alternative which replaces the underlined expression in: “We made stuff up”.
a) invented
b) destroyed
c) controlled
d) sold
e) reached a

31. text, then mark the correct alternative.
14. Analyze the sentences which contain the correct grammar definition from words, as used in the
text, then mark the correct alternative.
I. Outside: adverb of place; stuff: noun.
II. Commercially: adverb of manner; until: adjective.
III. Turned out: gerund; overnight: adverb of time.
IV. Stuff: noun; commercially: adjective.
V. Were used and applied: passive voice; turned out: phrasal verb.
a) I and V are correct.
b) I, II and V are correct.
c) III and IV are correct.
d) II and IV are correct.
e) All options are correct a

32. a) not only you will be scandalized by seeing good…
15. (2011-1) The negative inversion of “…you will be scandalized by seeing good… ” (line 1) would be:
a) not only you will be scandalized by seeing good…
b) hardly will you be scandalized by seeing good…
c) you will not be scandalized by seeing good …
d) since will not you be scandalized by seeing good…
e) as you will be scandalized by seeing good … e

33. Recycle – Reduce – Reuse
Easier – Recycle means to process old, used items in order that the material can be used to make new products. Examples of things that are often recycled are glass, plastic, newspapers, aluminum cans, used motor oil, and batteries. Here, reduce refers to lessening the amount of items or resources that are consumed, using only the amount that is needed, and looking for alternatives that will lessen our use. And reuse means extending the 'life' or repurposing an item rather than discarding or throwing it away.
Harder – Recycling is the processes of collecting, processing, remanufacturing, and reusing materials instead of discarding them. This helps conserve raw materials and energy that manufacturers would otherwise use in producing new products. Recycling also reduces the amount of material going into landfills. Recycling helps lessen the pollution that may result from waste disposal. Reducing our consumption of materials and reducing the waste of materials also adds to the conservation of our resources.

34. 16. The word “lessening” (line 3) means: a) to become stronger.
a) to become stronger.
b) to throw things away.
c) to help.
d) to take care of something.
e) to become weaker. e

35. 17. Mark the correct alternative.
a) Reuse materials won ́t sum up resources.
b) Plastic, paper and batteries are seldom recycled.
c) To search for new possibilities of using things, would lessen the consumerism.
d) Throwing things away would reduce consumerism.
e) Recycle is throwing away things into landfills. c

36. 18. Mark the incorrect alternative.
a) Recycle is the process of discarding materials.
b) If we recycle we will have less materials going into landfills.
c) Using things longer means extending their “life”.
d) We can recycle cans, glass and newspapers.
e) Some pollution may come from waste disposal. b