1. Question of the Day What does an enzyme do?
An enzyme speeds up the reactions that break down food
What is a denatured enzyme?
An enzyme that does not work correctly

2. Objective Explain how an enzyme functions
By the end of class today, you will be able to:
Explain how an enzyme functions
Describe the factors that affect enzymes

3. Lactase Lab Data 100 mg/dL 500 mg/dL 100 mg/dL 100 mg/dL Negative
Test Tube
Test Solution
Predicted glucose
Initial glucose
Final glucose A
Milk and Enzyme B
Milk and Water C
Milk and Denatured Enzyme D
Sucrose and Enzyme
Your Answer
Here
100 mg/dL
500 mg/dL
100 mg/dL
100 mg/dL
Your Answer
Here
Your Answer
Here
Negative
Negative
Your Answer
Here
Negative
Negative

4. Lab Analysis Questions
1. What are the two monosaccharides that comprise a molecule of lactose?
Galactose and Glucose

5. Lab Analysis Questions
2. What are the two monosaccharides that comprise a molecule of sucrose?
Glucose and Fructose

6. Lab Analysis Questions
 3. How does the lactase enzyme function in our digestive system?
The lactase enzyme attaches to the disaccharide lactose and breaks it apart
This gives our body access to glucose (simple sugar)

7. How does an enzyme function?

8. Lab Analysis Questions
4. Does an enzyme make a reaction happen that wouldn’t occur naturally?
No, an enzyme can’t magically make a reaction happen
Instead, an enzyme speeds up a reaction that would normally occur

9. Lab Analysis Questions
5. What does denatured mean, and what does a denatured enzyme do?
Denatured means that it doesn’t work like it should
De = opposite of natured = natural
A denatured enzyme does not break down the food that it should
Look at the data table

10. Lab Analysis Questions
6. What does it mean to be lactose intolerant?
People with lactose intolerance are unable to break down the sugar that is in dairy products
This means that they feel sick to their stomach when they eat/drink dairy products like milk

11. What factors affect enzymes?pH
Temperature
Substrate concentration
Inhibitors

12. pH All enzymes have an optimum pH
This means that they only work at certain places in the human body
Saliva has an optimum pH of 7 and is found in the mouth
Pepsin has an optimum pH of 2 and is found in the stomach
Lactase has an optimum pH 6.5 and is found in the small intestine

13. What does this indicate about our digestive system?
pH = 7
pH = 2
pH = 6.5

14. pH
When an enzyme is placed in an pH too far from it’s optimum range it gets denatured

15. Temperature For our lab, I boiled the enzyme for ½ an hour
What do you think this did to the enzyme?
It denatured the enzyme
What do you think would happen if I froze the enzyme for ½ an hour?
It would have denatured the enzyme

16. Substrate Concentration
Concentration means the amount of a substance in a given area
Class as model
Three volunteers to be enzymes (lactase)
Volunteers to be substrates (lactose)

17. Inhibitors Competitive Non-competitive
Bind to the active site and prevent substrate from binding
Occupy the active site
Draw example of lactase and galactose
Non-competitive
Bind somewhere other than the active site
Change the shape of the active site
Model with hands

18. Objective Explain how an enzyme functions
By the end of class today, you will be able to:
Explain how an enzyme functions
Describe the factors that affect enzymes