1. Kotter – 8 Steps of Change
Implementing and sustaining the change
8. Institutionalise approach
7. Build on initial success
6. Create short term wins
5. Empower others to act on vision
4. Communicate that vision
3. Create a vision
2. Form a powerful guiding coalition
1. Establish a sense of urgency
Engaging and enabling the organisation
Creating a climate for change

2. Overview:
John Kotter (who teaches Leadership at Harvard Business School) has made it his business to study both success and failure in change initiatives in business. In his book ‘Leading Change’ Kotter concluded that there are eight steps that any business must go through to have any chance of success with change.