1. & Rhetorical Strategies By Natasha Olivera
Presentations
& Rhetorical Strategies
By Natasha Olivera

2. Purpose: Inform, Persuade, Call to Action, or
Ethos: Writer, Speaker
Credibility, Authority, Correctness, Appearance, Eloquence
Purpose: Inform, Persuade, Call to Action, or
All 3
Logos: The Message
Information, Argument, Reasons, Evidence, Data
Pathos: Audience
Emotions, Beliefs, Values, Experience

3. Organization/Structure
Introduction
Body
Conclusion

4. Introduction Connect with the audience Grab the audience’s attention
Smile
Introductions
Issue
Grab the audience’s attention
Quote
Anecdote
Personal Experience
Startling Statistic

5. Introduction Engage the audience Background Information Ask questions
Play game
Background Information
Provide the audience with sufficient background information on the topic/issue including pertinent historical information.
What is the problem?
Why is it a problem?
Who is it a problem for?
How are others successfully solving the problem?

6. The Body Comprised of the proposed solution Meant to inform and teach
Appeal to reason (logos) by providing factual, accurate and relevant data, research, statistics.
Use cited quotes and other evidence as support and to build ethos.

7. The Body; Proposal Explain your proposed solution.
How much it would cost.
Who would bear the costs.
Why it should be enacted.
How it will solve the problem.

8. Conclusion Justify your proposal
Persuade your audience that this issue matters
What makes your proposal better than others already in place.
Address possible objections and opposing views

9. Conclusion; Call to Action
Call your audience to action
Tell them what they should do
Tell them how to do it
Remind them why they should do it
Issue a challenge

10. Delivery Know what you are talking about. Demonstrate Knowledge.
Don’t rely on note cards or ppt.
Speak accurately and eloquently.
Dress the Part.
Establish Ethos

11. Delivery (cont.) Make eye contact with audience Smile
Watch body posture
Use hand gestures
Voice intonation
Don’t hide
Speak clearly and audibly
Ensure smooth transitions between speakers
Be prepared to answer questions at the end

12. Media; Powerpoint

13. Media Powerpoint Presentations Meant to Enhance, Inform & Delight
Should not drive the presentation
Serves as a guide
Should not be text heavy
Have someone else flip the slides for you
Don’t stare at screen to read and turn back to audience

14. Media (cont.) Movies (self made or YouTube):
Be sure to show at appropriate time during presentation.
Beginning for background info.
Body for introducing proposal
Conclusion to call audience to action
Should not be longer than 7 minutes
Should be introduced to audience and explained thereafter (avoid hit & run)
If self made be sure to provide teacher with hard copy dvd or YouTube link.

15. Media (cont.) Websites:
Should be shown at the end of the presentation in conjunction with call to action.
Should be engaging, creative, appealing to the eye.
Should include, description of problem, proposed solution, and justification.
Do not take too much time showing the audience the website

16. Media (cont.) Brochures &/or Flyers
Determine the right time to hand out.
Should not distract audience from presentation
When distributed should be introduced and explained.
Should not be used to read
from during the presentation.

17. The End