1. Computers Are Your Future
© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

2. Computers Are Your Future
Chapter 1
Computers, the Web & You
© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

3. What You Will Learn About
The importance of computers in your world
The four basic operations a computer performs
The two main components of a computer system
Hardware
Software
The differences between system software and application software
© 2005 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

4. What You Will Learn About
Examples of hardware devices
The information processing cycle
Ethical considerations involved with computer usage
The two major categories of computers
The Internet and its most popular uses
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5. Computers, the Web & You
Your future isn’t just about performing tasks. Your future is about having choices and making decisions.
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6. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions
Computer – A machine that performs four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage.
Information processing cycle – The term used to describe the four basic operations.
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7. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions
Software
Hardware
Computer system – A collection of related components that are designed to work together.
A system includes hardware and software.
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8. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions
Program – A list of instructions that tell the computer how to perform the four basic operations to accomplish a task.
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9. Understanding the Computer: Basic Definitions
Software – All the programs that give the computer its instructions.
Two categories of software:
System software Application software
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10. Input: Getting Data into the Computer
Data – Unorganized raw materials made up of words, numbers, images, or sounds
The first operation
Input devices enable the user to enter data into the computer.
The computer accepts data.
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11. Processing: Transforming Data into Information
INFORMATION OUT
The second operation
Computers transform data into information.
Processing circuitry:
Central processing unit (CPU)
Random access memory (RAM)
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12. Output: Displaying Information
The third operation
The computer shows the results of the processing operation in a way people can understand.
Output devices show the results of processing operations.
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13. Storage: Holding Programs and Data for Future Use
The fourth operation
The computer saves the data or output so that it can be used again later.
Storage devices hold all programs and data that the computer uses.
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14. Communications: Moving Data between Computers
A fifth operation
Moving data within the computer or between computers
Communications devices – Enable computers to connect to a computer network.
Network – Two or more computer systems that are connected.
Modem – A device that enables the computer to access other computers.
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15. The Information Processing Cycle In Action
Input – You enter text in a word processing program.
You run the program’s spell checker program.
Processing – The computer checks and compares all words entered with a list of correctly spelled words.
Output – The computer provides a list of apparent misspellings.
You correct the spelling in your document.
Storage – You save the revised document to a disk.
Compoters
A computer is a machine that perfirms four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage. Together, these four operations are called the information proceesing cycle.
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16. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
Speed
Information overload
Memory
Expensive
Storage
Slower than RAM
Reliability and accuracy
Only applies to hardware, not software
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17. Don’t Be Intimidated by Hardware
People feel threatened by computers because they fear computers are too complicated.
Computers should be treated in the same way as any other electrical device.
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18. Take Ethics Seriously
Ethics is the behavior associated with moral beliefs.
Computer ethics deals with computer-related moral dilemmas and principles for computer professionals.
Responsible computing requires an understanding of both the benefits of computer use and the potential harm of computer misuse.
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19. Recognize the Risks of Using Flawed Software
All programs contain errors.
All computer use entails a certain level of risk.
Bug – An error or defect in software or hardware that causes a program to malfunction.
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20. Personal Digital Assistant
Types of Computers
Computers for Individuals
Workstation
Personal Digital Assistant
Desktop – PC, iMac
Notebook – Laptop
All-in-One
Internet Appliance
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21. Types of Computers Computers for Organizations
Servers are not designed for individuals. They make programs available for network users.
Minicomputers handle the computing for small corporations
Mainframes handle gigantic processing jobs for large corporations or agencies.
Supercomputers are ultra-fast and handle huge amounts of scientific data.
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22. The Internet and World Wide Web
A global information system composed of computers and networks
All computers connected to it can exchange data with each other.
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23. Internet Services World Wide Web – (WWW) Electronic mail (e-mail)
Electronic commerce (e-commerce)
Instant messaging
World Wide Web– (WWW)
Electronic mail– ( )
Instant messaging
Electronic commerce– (e-commerce)
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24. Chapter 1 Summary
Computer users must be able to adapt to new computer technologies with ease.
A computer is a machine that performs the operations of input, processing, output, and storage.
A computer system is a collection of related components.
System software helps the computer function properly and application programs enable users to perform tasks.
The information processing cycle consists of the input, processing, output, and storage operations.
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25. Chapter 1 Summary (continued)
Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of computer use is necessary for responsible computing.
Two types of computers:
Computers for individuals
Computers for organizations
The Internet is a global information network.
Internet services include , the World Wide Web, instant messaging, and e-commerce.
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