1. In the name of God Sharif University of Technology, International Branch, Kish Island Dr. Mohsen Sadighi Moshkenani www.sadighim.ir Chapter 9

2. Outline Financial aspect Expenses How to reduce expenses? Cost estimation methods

3. A initial point Low entry capital (a chance for IT workers) Creative human resource as the most important resource

4. Development expenses Human resource as the major capital Working environment, place and furniture Official working tools Hardware General software Special (CASE) software Test and quality control expenses Change expenses Training Networking and network resources Welfare expenses (investment) Others

6. How to reduce costs? Remote work To have standard templates Reuse In different ways Especially reuse of experiences Overhead reduction Real attention to developers needs Real work on test and evaluation, quality (Tables 9-1 and 9-2)

7. Error detection costs مرحلههزينه كشف و رفع خطا خواسته ها 1 طراحي 5 كدنويسي 10 آزمايش 30 مرحلهمنابع خطا خواسته هابسيار طراحيكمتر كد كردنباز هم كمتر آزمايش بسيار كمتر

9. Pricing: complex issue The developing company Development costs The product and its attributes Customers Competing companies and products Vendors Social issues Others

11. Some examples ooVoo Google collection Microsoft Office Narcis Ordered product

12. Cost Estimation methods Algorithmic Expert judgment Estimate by analogy Parkinson methods Pricing to win Top-down estimation Bottom-up estimation

14. Professional principles Software is not visible Cheating is simpler What we should do if the customer does not know? What about rights? Who are best hackers?

15. International market You can be in the world market Participating in international project is beneficial in many ways

16. International market

17. Last note Human resources Best, available, interested, loyal