1. QQ: Complete the Boxes:
Calcium-
# protons
# neutrons 24 28
# electrons 44 48 20 20 20 20
Compare these two calcium atoms. How are they alike? How are they different?
What are they called?

2. Today’s Objective:
I understand how ions create compounds.

3. Stable Electron Configurations
When the highest energy level is filled
Not likely to react
8 for many atoms

4. * Lost an electron or gained an electron
Ion:
An atom that has
a positive or
negative charge
* Lost an electron or gained an electron

6. O-1 Cl- O-2 Anion: A negatively charged atom Has 1 or more
extra electrons

7. It’s outside energy level has 8 e-

8. A Sulfur atom has 18 e-.
S-2
A Carbon atom has 10 e-.
C-4

9. Na+1 Ca+2 Ca+1 Cation: A positively charged atom Lost 1 or more
extra electrons

10. They’ve lost e-

11. A Magnesium atom has 10 e-
Mg+2
A Potassium atom has 18 e-
K 1+

12. But are their outer electron shells filled?

13. Total is O charge! Na Cl +1 -1
Stable!

14. A Potassium atom has 18 e-.
K+1
A Magnesium atom has 14 e-
Mg-2

15. Ionic Bond:
* holds anions and cations together
* Electrons are transferred to another atom

17. Highest orbital filled = STABLE
Usually 8 e-

18. Amount of energy needed to remove an electron
Ionization Energy
Amount of energy needed to remove an electron

19. Increases toward top right
Ionization Energy
Increases toward top right
Most
Least

20. Ionic Compounds
Formed by ionic bonds
What?