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Sodium (Na) atoms have 11 protons in the nucleus, and 11 electrons orbiting the nucleus. Chlorine (Cl) atoms have 17 protons in the nucleus, and 17 electrons.

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Presentation on theme: "Sodium (Na) atoms have 11 protons in the nucleus, and 11 electrons orbiting the nucleus. Chlorine (Cl) atoms have 17 protons in the nucleus, and 17 electrons."— Presentation transcript:

1 Sodium (Na) atoms have 11 protons in the nucleus, and 11 electrons orbiting the nucleus. Chlorine (Cl) atoms have 17 protons in the nucleus, and 17 electrons orbiting the nucleus. Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions

2 When a sodium atom reacts with a chlorine atom, chlorine fills its outer shell by acquiring an electron from the outer shell of sodium. ClNa Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions

3 After the transfer of the electron, both sodium and chlorine atoms have full outer electron shells, therefore both atoms are stable. Chloride ion (Cl - )Sodium ion (Na + ) Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions

4 Both also now have an imbalance in number of electrons versus number of protons. Therefore, these atoms are now electrically charged ions. Chloride ion (Cl - )Sodium ion (Na + ) Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions

5 Na + has a positive electrical charge Cation Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions

6 Na + has a positive electrical charge. AnionCation Cl - has a negative electrical charge. Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions

7 An electrical attraction occurs between ions bearing opposite charges. If ions of opposite charge are in close proximity, they are held together by ionic bonds. AnionCation Figure 2.13 Formation of Sodium and Chloride Ions


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