1. Kinetic Theory

2. Kinetic Theory
What is it???
A theory that says that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly in motion.
For example……..

3. Here are three pictures that represent atoms in a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
Which is which??? B C A

4. gas are well separated with no regular arrangement.
liquid
solid
Particles in a:
gas are well separated with no regular arrangement.
liquid are close together with no regular arrangement.
solid are tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern.
gas vibrate and move freely at high speeds.
liquid vibrate, move about, and slide past each other.
solid vibrate (jiggle) but generally do not move from place to place.

7. The closeness of these particles is also related to the density of a material.

8. As you travel down the particles in the liquid get
____?____.

9. Take a look at the two boxes below
Take a look at the two boxes below. Each box has the same volume (takes up the same amount of space).
If each ball has the same mass, which box would weigh more? Why?

10. We can calculate density using the formula:
The box that has more red balls has more mass per unit of volume. This property of matter is called density.
The density of a material helps to distinguish it from other materials.
Since mass is usually expressed in grams and
volume in cubic centimeters (milliliters),
density is expressed in grams/cubic centimeter (milliliters).
We can calculate density using the formula:
Density = Mass / Volume

11. Ever done this?????

12. Finding volume by using Water Displacement
The level before adding object
The level after adding object
13 ml
14.2 ml
Volume: ml – 13 ml = 1.2 ml

13. Example: Block I Density= Mass / Volume Block I Mass = 79.4 grams
Volume= 29.8 cubic cm
Density = Mass / Volume
Density = 79.9 g / 29.8 cm3
Density = 2.68 g/cm3
Block I

14. Block II Question: water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3
Density= Mass / Volume
Block II
Mass = 25.4 grams
Volume= 29.8 cubic cm
Density = Mass / Volume
Density = 25.4 g / 29.8 cm3
Density = 0.85 g/cm3
Question: water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3
What would Block II do if you threw it in water?
Block II

15. What are the two blocks made of ????
Block II
Block I
2.68 g/cm3
0.85 g/cm3