1. Early America & Exploration

2. Glaciers froze lowering sea levels
Early america
Glaciers froze lowering sea levels
This created a land bridge between Asia and Alaska
Hunters used Beringa into North America

3. Early Americans lived as big games hunters
Temperatures warmed and sea levels rose
Beringa was covered with water cutting off travel between Asia and Alaska
Warmer weather killing off large animals and Natives had to hunt small game, fish, and collect berries

4. Early americans
Many groups settled in North America, as well as Mexico and South America
Many people settled in Mexico and became farmers
Agricultural techniques spread through the Americas
People began to stay in one place and create communities
Others continued to be NOMADIC moving from place to place

5. The first great empires developed in Southern Mexico
Early americans
The first great empires developed in Southern Mexico
The Maya and Aztec both were created sophisticated civilizations
South America also had the Inca Empire that stretched for 2,500 miles
All three empires were engineers, astronomers, and mathematicians

6. Early americans
Agricultural techniques were introduced in North America by the Hohokam and Anasazi
The Hohokam and Anasazi settled in the deserts of the Southwest
To the east and west were the Adena, Hopewell and Mississippian tribes
These three tribes were good traders and builders and are the ancestors to many Native American tribes

7. Early americans Native Americans varied from region to region
Kashaya Pomo lived in the marshlands of central California
The Yurok and Hupa lived in Northern California
The Nootka, Haida, and Kwakiutl lived between Alaska and California
The Pueblo and Pima lived in the dry Southwest
The Iroquois lived in the Northeast United States

8. Early americans
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9. Early americans
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10. Early americans
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11. Early americans
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12. Early American questions
What were the effects of agriculture on the hunting and gathering people of the Americas?
In what ways did early Native American societies leave their mark upon the landscape?

13. Columbus was a seeker of fame and fortune
Spanish exploration
Beginning with the voyage of Columbus Spain built a vast colonial empire in the Americas
Columbus set out to find a route to Asia that was faster then any other route
Columbus was a seeker of fame and fortune
Columbus set sail in October 1492 and sailed for two months before landing in the Caribbean

14. Spanish exploration
Columbus named the people he encountered Taino meaning “noble ones” later known as los indios
Columbus explored a total of four island: San Salvador, Cuba, the Bahamas, and Hispaniola
The Spanish king and queen were so thrilled about the discovery they financed 3 more trips
Spain developed a plan to colonize the land that Columbus had discovered

15. Spanish exploration
Spain would use local labor to work on plantations and use modern weapons to dominate the natives
Mumps, measles, chickenpox, smallpox, and typhus were given to the natives
With the death of so many natives a labor force was brought from Africa to work plantations
In the 1500’ s African cultures lost young and able body members
By the end of the 1800’s Africa had lost over 12 million people to slavery

16. Spanish exploration
Columbus’ discovery caused many Europeans to leave Europe by the 1000’s
This migration caused rival nations to begin to look at ways to discover new lands
This migration also caused rival nations to begin to ambush ships
Because of conflicts between European nations the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed by Spain and Portugal

17. Spanish exploration
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18. Spanish exploration
After Columbus’ voyages Spain sent conquistadors to search the new lands for silver and gold
Hernando Cortes discovers Mexico and the wealthy Aztec empire
Cortes and his soldiers were amazed at Tenochtitlan the capital of the Aztec empire
Montezuma and the Aztec people thought that the Spanish were gods and agreed to share their gold supply
Montezuma is stoned by his people and Cortes over takes Tenochtitlan

19. Spanish exploration
Other Spanish conquistadors came to explore into regions of North and South America
These Spanish explorers married natives that created a mestizo or mixed race
The Spanish also created a work system called encomienda where natives were forced to farm, ranch, and mine for Spanish landlord
Spanish priests demanded an end to this system and natives were replaced by enslaved Africans

20. Spanish exploration
Spain goes through a Golden Age
Spanish explorers journey into South America and North America
1532 Francisco Pizarro enters into the Inca empire and conquers the natives
1513 Ponce de Leon explores present day Florida
Spanish explorers journey up from Mexico into Texas, New Mexico, and California

21. British exploration
Beginning in the early 1600s, the English establish colonies along the eastern shore of North America
John Smith is the British version of Columbus
Smith got the backing of wealthy merchants to start a colony in North America
John Smith makes it to North America to present day Virginia and starts the colony Jamestown named after the King of England
Jamestown was a colony of only men that wanted to find riches like Spanish explorers

22. British exploration
Smith is aided by natives who showed the colonist to farm
Tobacco is introduced to North America
Labor is needed so 50 acres of land is promised to anyone that can pay their own passage
Many people come as indentured servants
The first African slaves came to Virginia in 1619
Colonist needed more land for farming and population boom
Native Americans went to war

23. British exploration