1. Small-n Designs

2. Small-n Designs
Systematic examination of behavior in one or a few individuals before and after treatment/intervention

3. Key Terms Baseline Stage Treatment Stage
Observations made prior to an intervention
Treatment Stage
Observations made following an intervention
Phase Change
Involves changes in the administration of intervention

4. LEVEL OF ANXIETY
Baseline Phase
Treatment Phase
Phase Change

5. Level
A data pattern where a series of measurements are at the same magnitude
Levels
Level Of
Anxiety

6. Trend
Measurement
A data pattern where series of measurements are in the same direction
Measurement
TRENDS
Measurement

7. Interpreting Data
Change in Mean
Change in Level
Change in Trend

8. Interpreting Data Change in Mean Change in Mean M = 8.02 M = 4.50
LEVEL OF ANXIETY
M = 8.02
M = 4.50

9. Interpreting Data Change in Level Change in Mean Change in Level
LEVEL OF ANXIETY
Change in Level

10. Interpreting Data Change in Trend Change in Mean Change in Level

11. A-B-A-B Design
Where treatment and measurement are systematically altered to assess change
A = Baseline Phase
B = Treatment Phase
... A B A

12. ABAB Design

13. Multiple Baseline Design
Where multiple baselines are established across situation or individual or behavior

14. The Good, The Bad ... Advantages Research in applied settings Flexible
Disadvantages
External Validity
Absent...statistically