1. SPONGE Besides helping you move, what is another purpose of bone?
Body Systems, Day 2
Besides helping you move, what is another purpose of bone?
Name something that is carried in the bloodstream.

2. Body Systems and Exercise
Section 2:
The Skeletal and Circulatory Systems

3. The Skeletal System
The Skeletal System is made up of bones, joints and connective tissue, which combine to make the framework of your body.
There are 206 bones in your body.

4. Bones
Though bones are hard, they are living tissue not much different from your skin.
Bone needs nutrients to survive; it also grows and heals itself.

5. Function of Bone The bones have four major functions:
Movement: Muscles can only move if they are anchored to a bone.
Protection: Bones protect your brain and other organs from injury.
Cell Creation: Bones are where red blood cells and most white blood cells are made.
Storage: Bones store minerals and protein.

6. Types of Bone There are three kinds of bones:
Long bones: Like the femur of your leg.
Short bones: Are smaller and have soft bone inside (wrist bone.)
Flat bones: Have two layers of hard bone with soft bone between. These bones protect organs.

7. Besides Bone… The Skeletal System is also made up of the following:
Cartilage: A strong, elastic material at the end of bones. It cushions and does not break easily.
Ligaments: Cords of tissue that join bones and keep organs in place.

8. 1
Cranium
Cranium 2
Humorous
Femur
Vertebrae 3
Fibula
Radius 4
Humorous
Ulna 5
Radius
Tibia
Femur 6
Ulna
Fibula 7
Vertebrae
Tibia 8

9. Bone Anatomy

10. Bone and Exercise Exercise can either hurt or help your bones.
Running and lifting weights actually increase your bone mass, making bones larger and stronger.
Swimming and walking do not actually help bone health nearly as much, because they are low-impact exercises.
Between the age of 15 – 25 is the critical time for bone building to prevent bone disease later in life.

11. The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System is the group of body parts that carry blood throughout the body.

12. The Circulatory System
There are four main jobs of the Circulatory System:
Fueling the body. Blood carries energy and oxygen to all the body’s cells.
Clearing bodily wastes. Blood carries waste to the liver and kidneys to be removed.

13. The Circulatory System
Fighting disease. White blood cells live in the blood.
The transportation of hormones. From the brain to the body’s cells.

14. The Heart The heart is split into left and right sides
The left side takes fresh blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.
The right side takes used blood from the body and pumps it back to the lungs to be reoxygenated.

15. The Four Chambers of the Heart
Blood first enters the top chambers of the heart, called Atriums.
The blood then moves to the Ventricles, which pumps blood out of the heart.
This is why there are two “thumps” in a heartbeat.

16. The Path of Oxygenated Blood Record this for the test!
5. To the body
4. Aorta
1. From the Lungs
2. Left Atrium
3. Left Ventricle

17. The Path of Unoxygenated Blood
From the body
9. To the lungs
6. Vena Cava
7. Right Atrium
8. Right Ventricle

18. Other Parts
The left side of the heart is much larger than the right side, because it needs to pump blood to the farthest parts of your body.
Besides the heart, there are other important parts of the circulatory system:
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Veins carry blood to the heart.
Capillaries are tiny tubes that connect veins and arteries to tissues

19. Aorta
Brachial Artery
Brachial Artery
Heart
Femoral Artery
Aorta
Heart
Vena Cava
Vena Cava
Femoral Artery

20. Exercise and the Circulatory System
Exercise strengthens the heart muscles.
When the heart beats stronger, the force of the blood pumping cleans your arteries.
When fat sticks to the walls of your arteries it causes them to harden and clog. This is called Arteriosclerosis.
Exercise also decreases your heart rate and your blood pressure, which decreases your chances of a heart attack or stroke.