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The Birth of a New Nation
Unit 2 Part 3
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The French and Indian War (1754-1763)
England and France go to war over colonial territories The Navigation Acts – laws that gave England control of colonial trade
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British Victory in French and Indian War
Britain (England) wins but is heavily in debt. Expect the colonies to help pay cost
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Proclamation of 1763 No settlements beyond the Appalachian Mtns.
Prevents conflict w/ Native Americans but enrages farmers who wish to have more land.
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Stamp Act (1765) British tax on newspapers and legal documents
First tax on colonies by Parliament “No taxation without representation” – becomes slogan of revolution Boycott - Colonists refuse to buy British products
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Stamp Act Congress (1765) Meeting of representatives from each colony in New York to protest actions of King Stamp Act is repealed because of boycotts
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Declaratory Act (1767) Parliament ‘declares’ it has the right to make decisions for and tax the colonies “in all cases”
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Townshend Acts (1766) Set of laws that further restricted colonial rights Writs of Assistance general warrants to search any property at any time,
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The Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770)
British soldiers shoot into angry crowd and kill 5 colonists Became propaganda for those who wanted revolution
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The Tea Act (1773) Made British East India Tea exempt from taxes and cheaper than colonial tea. Gives British a business advantage.
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The Boston Tea Party (1773) Colonists dump English tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea act.
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The Coercive/Intolerable Acts (1774)
Took away colonists civil rights, including trial by jury
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The Battles of Lexington and Concord (April 1775)
British soldiers and colonists fight first battles of Revolution. “The shot heard round the world” – influenced independence movements around the world
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The Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 Document declaring the colonies free from British control
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Who wrote Common Sense and what was its purpose?
Thomas Paine Purpose was to encourage revolution
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Who wrote the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
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Two Purposes of Declaration
Declare independence State the reasons why
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John Locke’s Influence on Declaration of Independence
All men equal All men entitled to rights Government power comes from the people Right to abolish an oppressive government
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John Locke’s Social Contract
Government is created to secure rights of people and when it fails to do this the people have the right to abolish it.
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