1. ALCOHOL: The Beverage Wine 3-5 oz. Beer 12oz
Distilled Spirits 1oz shot
Each contain ½ oz. Of pure Ethyl Alcohol
Beverage produced through fermentation
A chemical reaction between yeast, sugar and water
All produce similar effects on blood alcoh. levels
Percentage of ethyl al. Is the Proof
The proof ranges from
In distilled spirits proof is twice the %age of alcohol by concentration
Remaining ingredients are cogeners
Byproducts of distillation such as other alcohol, oils, and organic matter
They influence taste and color
DMDMDMDMMD
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2. Alcohol the beverage (cont)
Calories in alcohol are not a good source of nutrition
Alcohol contain no vitamins, minerals, fat, or protein
Alcohol provides empty calories
Lack nutrient density
Alcohol is a simple chemical and does not need to be digested
5% leaves body in form of sweat, urine, or breath
95% remains in the body until oxidation
Metabolized or chemically changed in liver
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3. Alcohol Absorption Takes place in the stomach
20% directly into the bloodstream
80% from small intestine into blood
The blood alcohol travels to all parts of the body
Absorption is influenced by:
Number of drinks
Strength of alcoholic beverage
Other beverages mixed in
Water and juices slow absorption
Carbonated drinks increase BAC
Food -fats, proteins
Emotional factors fear, jealousy, anger, stress
Blood chemistry
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4. Liquor is Quicker for Women
30% more alcohol enters the female bloodstream
Intoxication -BAC reached quicker than men
Due to Lower levels of enzyne Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Women have lower % of H2O causing less dilution
Women have more fat
Alcohol is fat soluble
Less absorption during pre menstrual phase
Liver breaks down over the years producing less ADH
Effect similar to alcohol injected IV
A women’s ability to drive, speak, decision making impaired faster than men
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5. Women and Alcohol A social lubricant to ease social interactions
Used for medicinal reasons
One drink a day will add 10LBs of fat per year
Increases risk of developing breast cancer and osteoporosis
Women are more likely to develop cirrhosis
Premature death related to abuse is % higher than men
Reduces life span 15yrs
Susceptibility to depression and suicide attempts
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6. Drinking Alcohol Responsibly
Drink no more than one drink per hour
Allow time to elapse between drinks
Intersperse alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks
Sip drinks, avoid gulping
Eat before drinking
Know your limits
Be comfortable choosing not to drink
Know when to say “no”
Never encourage another woman to drink
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7. Physical Consequences of Alcohol Abuse
Reproductive System
Sexuality
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Liver
Digestive System
It can be said of Americans abuse alcohol
Early menopause, amenorrhea, infertility, miscarriage, FAS
Decreased arousal, sex dysfunction
Nutritional and metabolic disorders
HBP, CAD, reduced clotting
Chemical imbalance, cirrhosis, hepatitis, impaired circulation, kidney failure
Oral cancer, impaired swallowing, gastritis, poor absorption
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8. ALCOHOL RELATED ACCIDENTS
50% of fatal traffic crashes are alcohol related
A drunk driver is 8X more likely to a fatal crash
17-53% of fatal falls are alcohol related
21-77% of non fatal falls are alcohol related
38% of all drownings occur due to alcohol
33% of all boaters drink alcohol
3000 deaths are the results of fires and burns where victim had BAC of more than .10
Domestic violence is triggered by alcohol
Murders and suicides can start with alcohol
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9. Alcohol and Dating: Safety Skills
Drinking alcohol lessens your ability to be safe in many situations
Including intimate relationships with men
Remember the phrase R A P E because date rape is a common occurrence with alcohol
R realize what situations can put you in danger
A avoid and manage conflicts with partners and intimates
P percieve clearly what others are doing, saying, or where they are going
E establish and communicate your desires about sex
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10. College Aged Women and Alcohol
College women are drinking more and often
Usually for the purpose of getting drunk
Over consumption is causing physical, behavioral, psychological, social and relational consequences
Dieting females drink more and experience more harmful consequences, blackouts, unintended sex, and sexually transmitted diseases
Chronic heavy drinking can lead to menstrual irregularities and infertility
Diseases caused by excessive alcohol: hbp, obesity, malnutrition, fatty liver, and anemia
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11. Behavioral and Psychological Effects
Alcohol-related behavior pertains to what women allow others to do them
She is more likely to act upon the immediate circumstances rather than consider the long-term consequences
She develops antisocial behavior: impulsiveness, dysfunctional relationships and poor parenting skills
Asocial behavior: total irresponsibility, discarding friendships, shoplifting and stealing from family and friends
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12. ADDICTION AND DEPENDENCY
Addiction is a compulsive, uncontrollable, dependence on a substance, or habit
To such a degree that cessation causes severe emotional, mental, or physiological reactions
Components include tolerance, physical and psychological dependence
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13. PHYSICAL DEPENDENCY
Alcohol is a depressant that is capable of creating dependency
Body cells have come to depend on the alcohol to maintain homeostasis
Once dependent deprivation leads to withdrawal and detoxification
Medically, symptoms are more severe than and potentially fatal than narcotics
Experienced drinkers appear to hold their liquor but BAC is true picture of the real state of their liver
Delirium tremens (DT’s) produce vivid hallucinations, and nausea
Insomnia, panic attacks, irregular breathing, abnormal BP and or anxiety may last for weeks causing intense craving for alcohol
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14. PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
A learned process affecting the behavior of a long term drinker
Strong craving for the feelings alcohol provides
Alcohol drinkers learn to control their behavior accordingly
It is possible to look and act sober yet not have the skills to drive or use a sharp instrument
Because of the psychological feelings of escape, mood swings, relaxation, euphoria, ability to recover may be more difficult than physical dependence
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15. Alcohol and Pregnancy
Fetal alcohol syndrome FAS is the development of multiple problems that occur when a mother abuses alcohol during pregnancy
FAS is a completely preventable cluster of birth defects including irreversible mental and physical disabilities
Characteristics of FAS include: low birth weight; CNS dysfunction; facial deformities such as small head
Low nasal bridge
Droopy eyelids, big ears, and thin upper lip
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16. ALCOHOLISM
This is a chronic, progressive, and potentially fatal disease
Abusive alcoholic drinking patterns vary from: regular daily intake of large amounts of alcohol;
Heavy weekend drinking
Long periods of not drinking interspersed with binge drinking that can last from days to several weeks
The cause of alcoholism is basically unknown:
The following circumstances are true of alcoholic women’s backgrounds;
Alcoholic parents; child abuse; teen drinking; disconnected families and decline of religious affiliations
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17. FOUR PHASES OF ALCOHOLISM
Prealcoholic phase
Early alcoholic phase
True alcoholic phase
Complete alcoholic phase
Social drinking to occasional drinking to relieve tension etc.
Drinking becomes more significant- Blackouts occur
Completely dominated by alcohol
Complete physiological dependence
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18. CODEPENDENCY
Preoccupation with a particular individual and her or his problems to the point of self neglect
It is unhealthy because she allows her physical, emotional, social, and mental life to be dependent on other people
Try to control events and people through:
Helplessness, guilt, coercion, threats, advice giving, manipulation, and or domination
She is likely to develop stress related disorders such as migraines, ulcers, arthritis and even heart disease and cancer
Women with codependent traits can obtain help through individual or family counseling
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19. TYPES OF TREATMENT Intervention Lifestyle behavior change
Stress management
Individual counseling
Spiritual renewal
Hospitalization
Drug therapy
Aversion therapy
Support groups
Chemical treatments
Aftercare
Prevention
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20. Addiction and Dependency
Define: addiction
Physical Dependency
Homeostasis
Withdrawal symptoms
Detoxification
Delirium tremens
Psychological dependence
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21. Alcohol: The Beverage Types of beverages Serving sizes
Alcohol Components
Fermentation
Proof
Cogeners
Nutritional value
Absorption
Factors that affect absorption
Oxidation
Types of alcohol
What is a “hangover”
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22. Why is Liquor Quicker for Women
Enzymes
BAC
Fat soluble
Water Soluble
Depressant
Psychoactive Drug
Mortality
Morbidity
Alcohol and Romance
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23. College -Aged Women and Alcohol
Alcohol usage
Reasons they drink
Alcohol abuse on campus
Drinking Alcohol responsibly
Hormonal Effects
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24. Alcohol and Pregnancy FAS Prenatal Postnatal Mother Baby Placenta
Glucose and O2 deficit to brain
FEA
Fathers abuse of alcohol prior to conception
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25. Is Alcoholism a Disease?
Who becomes an alcoholic?
What ethnic group has highest incidence of abuse?
What ethnic group has lowest incidence of abuse?
Indicators of alcoholism
What circumstances can lead to female alcoholism?
Codependency
Passed down through the family?
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26. Treatment Modalities Intervention Lifestyle changes Stress Management
Counseling
Spiritual Renewal
Hospitalization
Drug therapy
Aversion therapy AA
Chemical Treatment
Treatment centers
Follow-up care
Prevention
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27. Disease Potential for Women and Alcohol
Cirrhosis of the liver
Reproductive system
Sexuality
Endocrine system
Cardiovascular system
Digestive system
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28. Alcohol and Women Why is Liquor Quicker with Women
Alcohol: The beverage
College- Aged Women and Alcohol
Disease Potential for Women and Alcohol
Alcohol and Pregnancy
Addiction and Dependency
Is Alcoholism a Disease
Treatment Modalities
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29. VOCABULARY CHAPTER 3 ALCOHOL
ISOPROPYL
BUTYL
ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE ADH
BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION
“HANGOVER”
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
DETOXIFICATION
DELITIUM TREMENS
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDANCE
ETHYL ALCOHOL
FERMENTATION
PROOF
OXIDATION
ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE
METHANOL
ADDICTION
PHYSICAL DEPENDENCY
HOMEOSTASIS
WITHDRAWL SYMPTOMS
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