1. History of the Ancient and Medieval World
Absolutism
Spain and England
Walsingham Academy
Mrs. McArthur
Room 111

2. Emerging Nation States
The Renaissance
The Voyages
Of Discovery
The Reformation
The Scientific Revolution
The New Monarchies
Emerging Nation States
Foundation of Modern Europe

3. The monarch must break feudal ties to past
The New Monarchies
Machiavelli’s view of the successful ruler
The prince: agent of change in state formation
The need for unity, security and prosperity
“How to” model: Absolutism emerges on continent
The monarch must break feudal ties to past
What to look for in the successful state

4. The New Monarchies (cont.)
Church and nobility subordinated to monarch
Bureaucracy to supervise royal policies
Royal system of justice
Royal monopoly on military power
Dependable and adequate source of income
Winners and losers in the modern Europe
First contestant: Spain

5. The Spanish Armada (1588)
Scholars studying the defeat of the Armada have suggested other details that may have contributed to Spain’s defeat:
The Ottomans, at England’s request, kept much of Spain’s fleet busy in the Mediterranean.
Spanish ships carried shot that didn’t fit their cannons
Spanish ships were built for traditional naval battles: grappling and boarding. New, lighter, faster English ships evaded boarding while shooting with longer-range guns
the decisive action off Calais; the English attack at midnight led by the eight fire ships that forced the Spanish to cut their cables and escape to the East

6. Assignment 1 Read text, pp 504-508 Complete outline
Answer Thinking Critically, pp 506
Answer question, View of Toledo, pp 508
Complete Map Skills activity, pp 505
Palace of El Escorial
where Philip II, King of Spain, planned the invasion of England by the Armada

7. Spain’s Golden Age (1550-1650) 2. 3. Government
1. Phillip II makes himself absolute ruler
Wars 1.
Arts
Religion 2. 3.
4.Uses Inquisition to Fight Protestantism

8. Positive and Negative Effects of Wealth from the Americas on Spain

9. Siglo de Oro (1550-1650) Spanish Tapestry
What details reflect Renaissance values?
What details support image of Spanish power and prestige?

10. The New Monarchies England
“Good Queen Bess” dies (1603): Stuarts inherit
Divine Right: “I will not be content that my power be disputed upon.”
Parliament Responds: English Civil War (Cavaliers and Roundheads)
King beheaded “I am a martyr of the people.” (1649)
The Commonwealth, The Restoration and The Glorious Revolution (Whew!)
Winning state or losing state in the new Europe?
Analysis

11. Cavalier Style: (à la van Dyck)
Assignment 2
Read text, pp
Define blue terms
Answer questions 4 Checkpoint questions
Answer Thinking Critically, Infographic, pp 519
Cavalier Style: (à la van Dyck)
Long, flowing ringlets, elaborate, embellished clothes and plumed hats!

12. Short hair, plain (military) dress Lord Protector of England 1653-1658
Assignment 3
Roundhead Style:
Short hair, plain (military) dress
Oliver Cromwell
Lord Protector of England
Read text, pp
Answer 2 Checkpoint questions
Define terms
Answer thematic Questions, pp 521 and 522

13. Test Yourself- Chp. 16, Sec. 1/3
Assignment 4
Complete activities on following two slides.
Assignment 5
Test Yourself- Chp. 16, Sec. 1/3
Exams are coming!

14. Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan
No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.
The Papacy is not other than the Ghost of the deceased Roman Empire, sitting crowned upon the grave thereof.
The condition of man…is a condition of war of everyone against everyone.
Written in 1651, Leviathan is considered by many to be the foundation of modern, western political philosophy.
What view of “man in a state of nature” does Hobbes appear to have?
What prescription might he have had for his country?
What legacy do you think has left us?
Thomas Hobbes: A Voice of Absolutism
How might people who supported Parliament over the monarch have argued against Hobbes?
They might say that a body such as Parliament can provide the “common power” necessary for society to function properly.

15. Spain
Absolutism
England
Analyze and Justify.

16. Analyze the Visual Evidence
Rumor has it that Louis XIV was very taken with Anthony van Dyck’s portrait of Charles I.
Although the French king had no intention of allowing history to repeat itself (like, you know, getting beheaded) he nevertheless recommended as a model this portrait to his own painter, Hyacinthe Rigaud.
What do these portraits, together, suggest about how these monarchs viewed themselves and their role?
How might one argue that, based on the visual evidence, Louis sought, with his own portrait, to enhance the image of the absolute monarch?
Consider:
What is the setting of each portrait?
How are the monarchs standing, dressed? What about expressions?
What, if any, personality is revealed?
2 Portraits: 2 Absolute Monarchs – How do they want to be perceived!