1. Elements of Design What makes something art Color Shape Value Line
Texture
Form
space

2. SPACE POSITIVE SPACE- SPACE TAKEN UP IN THE ARTWORK
NEGATIVE SPACE- SPACE WITH NOTHING IN IT.

3. WHEN YOU DRAW, YOU DON’T WANT TOO MUCH NEGATIVE SPACE!
THIS FLOWER WAS DRAWN TOO SMALL. THE ARTIST HAD TO PUT A LOT OF BUBBLES TO TAKE UP THE SPACE.
THIS FLOWER WAS ALSO DRAWN TOO SMALL. THE ARTIST TOOK UP NEGATIVE SPACE VERY EFFECTIVELY BY GIVING THE FLOWER AN ENVIRONMENT.

4. COMPOSITION How things are arranged in the artwork
This is a bad composition. Too much negative space
This is a good compositon

5. value
Value is the range of lightness and darkness within a picture

6.     High-Key- the light areas in an artwork.
Low-Key – the dark areas in an artwork

7. You need both high keys and low keys to make the art work!
Too much of the same value!
Good range of values makes this drawing look real

8. Value scale

9. Chiaroscuro is a making a 2D object look 3D using value

10. TECHNIQUES FOR SHADING
HATCHING: the use of clusters of parallel lines for shading or modeling

11. Crosshatching:
CROSS HATCHING: The use of crisscrossing sets of hatched lines for shading or modeling.

12. Stippling
STIPPLING: hitting the paper with a sharp, blunt, or chisel-edged pencil.

13. TONAL
Tonal: shading without the use of lines

14. tortillion stump
Use these instead of your fingers to blend. Good for tonal shading.
Oil in your finger can cause problems in blending and doesn’t look as professional

15. Pencils are made of graphite, not lead

16. Values of pencils B These pencils are dark and soft H
These pencils are light and hard

17. NICOLAS CONTE FOUND A WAY OF POWDERING THE GRAPHITE AND MIXING IT WITH CLAY SO THE PENCILS WOULD HAVE DIFFERENT GRADES OF SOFTNESS. Invented the drawing pencil

18. Why is the pencil yellow
During the 1800s, the best graphite in the world came from China. American pencil makers wanted a special way to tell people that their pencils contained Chinese graphite.
In China, the color yellow is associated with royalty and respect. American pencil manufacturers began painting their pencils bright yellow to communicate this "regal" feeling and association with China.

19. SHAPE- shapes or 2D
Static Shapes-Shapes that appear stable and resting.

20. Dynamic Shapes-Shapes that appear to be moving and active.

21. Geometric Shapes-Circles, Squares, rectangles and triangles
Geometric Shapes-Circles, Squares, rectangles and triangles. We see them in architecture and manufactured items.

22. Organic Shapes-Leaf, seashells, flowers
Organic Shapes-Leaf, seashells, flowers. We see them in nature and with characteristics that are free flowing, informal and irregular

23. Form- 3Dimensional shape

24. LINE
It may be a continuous mark made on a surface with a pointed tool or implied by the edges of shapes and forms.
Outlines- Lines made by the edge of an object or its silhouette

25. Contour Lines- Lines that describe the shape of an object and the interior detail.

26. Implied Line- Lines that are not actually drawn but created by a group of objects seen from a distance.

27. TEXTURE-The appearance and feel of a surface
Real Texture is the actual texture of an object.
Implied Texture is the where a two-dimensional piece of art is made to look like a certain texture but in fact is just a smooth piece of paper.

28. Pencils are made of graphite
H pencils are hard and light
B pencils are soft and dark
8b is the darkest pencil
8h is the lightest
A critique is a constructive criticism of art

29. Form:
shape
Form