1. WIRELESS CORE NETWORK EVOLUTION
Scott Carlson Motorola Global Telecom Solutions Sector
June 5, 2004

2. Overview
Softswitch – What is it?
Softswitch in the Wireless Environment
Wireless/Wireline Convergence

3. Switching in General Provides connectivity between users
Connects Access Networks into the Core Network
Provides advanced services
Call Routing
Call Features (3WC, CFU, CFC, CWT, BNAT…)
Call Accounting
System Statistics
Interfaces to Feature Platforms
e.g. Voice Mail
Signaling interfaces to various Network Elements
Very high reliability and QoS requirements

4. Traditional Switches Circuit oriented TDM switch matrix
Highly integrated
Heirarchical architecture
Specialized hardware

5. Softswitch a New Approach
Separate platforms for Call Control and Voice Path
Standards defined “internal” interfaces (H.248)
Packet switching instead of TDM circuit-based
Widely available hardware
Allows distributed, more peer-to-peer architecture

6. Softswitch Architecture
Legacy Circuit Switch
Soft Switch T D M
Time
Slot
Inter-change
Signaling
&
Control
Line Interfaces
SS7
TDM or IP
Media Gateway
Packet
Signaling
&
Control
SS7
SS7
Monolithic
(Control + Bearer Integrated)
Proprietary Interfaces
Inefficient Resource Utilization
Limited Scalability
Higher Operating Costs
Long Feature Development Intervals
Disaggregated
(Control separated from Bearer)
Open Interfaces
Most Efficient Resource Utilization
High Scalability
Lower Capital / Operating Costs
Rapid Feature Development

7. Key Softswitch Benefits
Distributed architecture for more flexible network deployments
Highly scalable (up & down), independently scalable
Non-proprietary – quickly leverage technology improvements
Smaller footprint provides a reduces operations cost ~1/10th the size of legacy switches
Lower maintenance with less hardware
IP/ATM provides a Reduced Transport Costs vs. TDM
Standards-based interfaces allow for faster feature development

8. Architecture Example Element Management System Control Switch/
Full O&M
EMS Servers and RAID
MSC Features
Control Switch/
Call Server
Call processing
SS7 and C7 signaling cards
Accounting
Session Control Manager
Media Gateway Control Function
Roaming Signaling Gateway
Trunking Signaling Gateway
SS7 H/W
CPU
Media Gateway
Bearer Traffic
Interface
High Port Densities
Multiple Transport
Options
Scalable MGWs

9. Control Chassis/Call Server
Call Control
Routing decisions
Class of Service Management
Calling Features
Media Gateway Control Function
SS7 Signaling, H.248 Signaling
Accounting
Statistics
Multiple Control Chassis can be connected via IP as a single logical switch for capacity expansion

10. Media Gateway
Supports TDM to TDM, TDM to IP and TDM to ATM under management of the Control Switch
Standards-based interoperability using H.248/MEGACO and MGCP
Toll quality voice enabled using the G.711 codec
Other compressed codecs can be supported such as G.729A, G and G.726 as well as G.729B and G.711 with silence suppression
G.168 echo cancellation algorithms and very low delay inherent provide voice quality equal to or better than the PSTN
Distributed architecture – can locate the MGW in separate frame in separate location

11. Core Network Direction
Crossbar Switch
Electronic TDM Circuit Switch
Packet Softswitch
Network convergence is driving the momentum toward IP and VoIP for both wireline and wireless networks
Softswitch architecture enables packet switching of voice traffic in the IP environment
Softswitches bridge between circuit and packet networks
Long-distance networks were the first to use softswitches in the late 1990’s with VoIP
Softswitches are now being introduced for wireless and local wireline networks

12. Softswitch in the Wireless Environment
Softswitching has become mainstream in 2004, which is a year earlier than we originally
thought. It allows carriers to offer new services and lowers network operating costs.
Wireline, Cable and Wireless operators as well as Enterprises are all in early deployments
with this next-generation equipment.
- BAIRD U.S. Equity Research

13. Softswitching in Wireless
In addition to the basic softswitch functions, a wireless softswitch must:
Perform Mobility Management
VLR
Call Delivery
Handover
Interface with the Radio Access Network
Interface with other wireless network elements
HLR
SMS
Prepaid
Location Based Services
IN/CAMEL Services
Packet Data Nodes

14. Wireless Core Network Overview
PSTN/ISDN
IMS Services
BSC
IMS
Domain
UMS VM
Clients
IMS/PoC/AD/PDS
CS/IMS
MGW
Packet
Core Domain
CDMA RAN
Content
Server
Transcoding
Photo
Album
VAS Services
MMS-C
GAMA
SMS-C
BSC
2G RAN
Domain Manager
CS Core
Domain
HLR/HSS
MSC
Server
CS/PS Services
MGW
EIR
Pre-Paid
IN Server
RNC
PSTN/ISDN
3G RAN

15. Key Benefits for Wireless
Initially MSC w/ Circuit Interfaces (today’s RAN std.)
Enables transition to All-IP environment (R5, R6)
Support for evolved 3G with Transcoding at the Edge
Distributed Switching
Enables IP Transport
Improved Cost Structure
Paves the way for Convergence

16. Wireless / Wireline Convergence

17. Convergence  Network Evolution
“By 2006, the typical consumer will use his or her “phone” equally to: 1) talk to others, 2) or message and 3) access the Web; completely redefining conventional wisdom about consumer demand for mobile services.”
Gartner Dataquest
Media
Streaming video
Video on demand
Interactive video services
TV/radio/data contribution & distribution
Telecommunication
ISDN services
Video telephony
Wideband data services
Internet
Broadband
Wireless
Computer
Internet access
Electronic mail
Real time images
Multimedia
Mobile computing
Convergence of applications and networks is driving the evolution to a common, Internet Protocol (IP) -based network architecture

18. Core Network Convergence
Convergence can be viewed as:
Integrated Core Network / Unified Control Layer
Across access networks/devices/locations
Network that supports single device used at work, home and mobile, on various access networks
Services that can be accessed across variety of devices
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
3G standard for wireless and Internet convergence
Ideal solution for wireline/wireless convergence
Access independent (IP connectivity can be through GPRS, CDMA2000, LAN etc.)
Based on Internet standard Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
Enables Multimedia Services

19. Converged Services Network Vision
Subs Database
Network
Management
BROADBAND IP NETWORKS
Content Providers
Application Developers
Routers
PSTN
Gateway
INTERNET
PoC
Server
Access Technologies
Wireless | Cable
DSL
Middleware
SoftSwitch
IMS
Nomadic
Automobile
Hot Spot
Enterprise
Home
Common End-User Services
Accessibility Everywhere at Wireline-Like Cost and Desktop-Like User Experience
Voice, Messaging, PoC, Video, Web Services, Location Services, Content Storage
Terminals
InFiNet, IP Phone, Web Phone
IP Based PBX
COMMUNICATION DOMAINS

20. Seamless Mobility Extend PBX into the mobile work place
Extend Cellular Network into WLAN environments
Optimize infrastructure costs
Optimize coverage
Manage quality of service
Residential: IMS-PacketCable-WLAN-Multi-mode device
Multi-mode devices
VoIP over WLAN
VoIP over 3G cellular high speed packet data
GSM/CDMA voice
Multimedia in all domains

21. What are the challenges?
Intelligent management of the user experience across a variety of access networks:
Transition point between realms
IP-TDM-IP
Transcoding for voice, video
Interface with a variety of applications servers
Added complexity for Mobility Management
Inter-technology handover
Multiple standards
QoS Management
Requires Advanced User Devices
Multiple Radio Modes (GSM, GPRS, WLAN)
SIP Clients
New vocoders

22. The Pieces are Coming Together
Avaya, Motorola and Proxim have partnered to offer Enterprise Seamless Mobility solution due in 3Q04
Several vendors have announced WLAN/cellular handsets recently
Qualcomm MSM7200 GSM/UMTS chipset supports WLAN and Bluetooth interfaces
Motorola demonstrated many of these concepts recently at WIRED NextFest2004…

23. Liquid Media

24. Questions?