1. Knowledge Issues The Good, the Bad and The Ugly

2. Good KI OK KI Poor KI Not a KI
An open question, explicitly about Knowledge.
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values.
OK KI
Poor KI
A closed question, implicitly about Knowledge
Not a KI
A statement or a closed question, about a subject specific issue rather than about Knowledge per se
To what extent can human sciences use mathematical techniques to make accurate predictions?
How can we use models to predict crime waves?
Will police crime predictions turn out to be correct?
How can we prevent crime?

3. ? Good KI OK KI Should we believe paranormal claims? Poor KI
An open question, explicitly about Knowledge.
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values.
OK KI
Poor KI
A closed question, implicitly about Knowledge
Not a KI
A statement or a closed question, about a subject specific issue rather than about Knowledge per se ?
Should we believe paranormal claims?
Does the paranormal exist?
The Sixth Sense

4. ? ? Good KI OK KI Why is Utilitarianism appealing? Poor KI Not a KI
An open question, explicitly about Knowledge.
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values.
OK KI
Poor KI
A closed question, implicitly about Knowledge
Not a KI
A statement or a closed question, about a subject specific issue rather than about Knowledge per se ? ?
Why is Utilitarianism appealing?
Utilitarianism

5. ? ? Good KI OK KI Poor KI Is swine flu likely to kill millions?
An open question, explicitly about Knowledge.
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values.
OK KI
Poor KI
A closed question, implicitly about Knowledge
Not a KI
A statement or a closed question, about a subject specific issue rather than about Knowledge per se ? ?
Is swine flu likely to kill millions?
What do we mean by an‘epidemic’?

6. ? ? ? Good KI OK KI Poor KI Not a KI The credit crisis
An open question, explicitly about Knowledge.
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values..
OK KI
Poor KI
A closed question, implicitly about Knowledge
Not a KI
A statement or a closed question, about a subject specific issue rather than about Knowledge per se ? ? ?
The credit crisis

7. Your own ideas? Good KI OK KI Poor KI Not a KI
An open question, explicitly about Knowledge.
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values.
OK KI
Poor KI
A closed question, implicitly about Knowledge
Not a KI
A statement or a closed question, about a subject specific issue rather than about Knowledge per se
Your own ideas?

8. Good Knowledge Issues are:
Open questions explicitly about Knowledge per se and not about subject-specific claims
Couched in terms of relations between concepts from AoK, WoK and belief, certainty, culture, evidence, experience, explanation, interpretation, intuition, justification, truth, values.

9. Theory of Knowledge: Presentation Structure
Real-Life Situation
extraction
Knowledge Issue
(recognized)

10. Theory of Knowledge: Presentation Structure
Real-Life Situation
extraction
Knowledge Issue
(recognized)
Knowledge Issue(s)
(developed)
progression

11. Theory of Knowledge: Presentation Structure
Real-Life Situation
application
extraction
Knowledge Issue
(recognized)
Knowledge Issue(s)
(developed)
progression

12. Theory of Knowledge: Presentation Structure
Other Real-Life
Situation
Real-Life Situation
Other Real-Life
Situation
application
extraction
Knowledge Issue
(recognized)
Knowledge Issue(s)
(developed)
progression

13. Example 1
Conspiracy Theories
What are the strengths and weaknesses of this structure?

14. Conspiracy
Da Vinci
Code
Why do conspiracy
theories exist?

15. Conspiracy Da Vinci Code Why do conspiracy theories exist?
People believe
what’s
most appealing
Different
Interpretations of
the same facts
Biases affecting
conclusions
drawn

16. Conspiracy Da Vinci Code Why do conspiracy theories exist? Death of
JFK
Death of
Benazir Bhutto
Why do conspiracy
theories exist?
People believe
what’s
most appealing
Different
Interpretations of
the same facts
Biases affecting
conclusions
drawn

17. Example 2
Limits of Science
What are the strengths and weaknesses of this structure?

18. Limits of Science Documentary on the Large Hadron Collider
How far is science
limited in finding
out the truth about
reality?

19. Limits of Science Documentary on the Large Hadron Collider Nature of
scientific
method
How far is science
limited in finding
out the truth about
reality?
Definitions of
science
Definition of
reality

20. Limits of Science Documentary on the Large Hadron Collider Nature of
Colour
illusions
Astronomy
Limits of human
sensory perception
Situations not
amenable to experimentation
Nature of
scientific
method
How far is science
limited in finding
out the truth about
reality?
Problems of
inductive reasoning
Role of
technology in
science
Incompatibility
between scientific
and moral claims
Definitions of
science
Definition of
reality
Differences
between ‘how’ and ‘why’
questions

21. Limits of Science Documentary on the Large Hadron Collider Nature of
Gödel’s
theorem
Colour
illusions
Astronomy
Limits of human
sensory perception
Situations not
amenable to experimentation
Nature of
scientific
method
Mathematics
Axioms must be
taken for granted
How far is science
limited in finding
out the truth about
reality?
Problems of
inductive reasoning
History
the past is
beyond our grasp
Role of
technology in
science
Human sciences
Human behaviour
is unpredictable
Incompatibility
between scientific
and moral claims
Definitions of
science
Definition of
reality
Differences
between ‘how’ and ‘why’
questions

22. Limits of Science Documentary on the Large Hadron Collider Nature of
Medicine
HIV treatment
Gödel’s
theorem
Colour
illusions
Astronomy
Limits of human
sensory perception
Situations not
amenable to experimentation
Nature of
scientific
method
Mathematics
Axioms must be
taken for granted
How far is science
limited in finding
out the truth about
reality?
Problems of
inductive reasoning
History
the past is
beyond our grasp
Successes
of science?
Role of
technology in
science
Human sciences
Human behaviour
is unpredictable
Incompatibility
between scientific
and moral claims
Definitions of
science
Definition of
reality
Differences
between ‘how’ and ‘why’
questions

23. Limits of Science Documentary on the Large Hadron Collider Nature of
Medicine
HIV treatment
Gödel’s
theorem
Colour
illusions
Astronomy
Limits of human
sensory perception
Situations not
amenable to experimentation
Nature of
scientific
method
Mathematics
Axioms must be
taken for granted
How far is science
limited in finding
out the truth about
reality?
Problems of
inductive reasoning
History
the past is
beyond our grasp
Successes
of science?
Role of
technology in
science
Human sciences
Human behaviour
is unpredictable
Incompatibility
between scientific
and moral claims
Definitions of
science
Definition of
reality
Differences
between ‘how’ and ‘why’
questions

24. Example 3
Claims in History
What are the strengths and weaknesses of this structure?

25. Claims in History President Description Ahmedinejad’s of Holocaust
denial of the
Jewish Holocaust
Description
of Holocaust
Auschwitz

26. Claims in History President Description Ahmedinejad’s of Holocaust
denial of the
Jewish Holocaust
Description
of Holocaust
Auschwitz
Under what
circumstances can a
historical claim be
considered valid?

27. Claims in History President Description Ahmedinejad’s of Holocaust
denial of the
Jewish Holocaust
Description
of Holocaust
Auschwitz
Importance of history
Understanding the present
Predicting the future
Knowing identity
Other problems:
gaps, language issues,
past interpreted in terms
of present, etc.
Under what
circumstances can a
historical claim be
considered certain?
Why should we care
about historical truth?
Is there a
True history?
Role of bias and
Interpretation in history:
emotion, culture, etc.
Explanation of
the concept of
validity in relation
to historical evidence

28. Claims in History President Description Ahmedinejad’s of Holocaust
denial of the
Jewish Holocaust
Description
of Holocaust
Auschwitz
Wall Street crash
Phlogiston
“Witchhunt” of
communists in USA
Importance of history
Understanding the present
Predicting the future
Knowing identity
Other problems:
gaps, language issues,
past interpreted in terms
of present, etc.
Under what
circumstances can a
historical claim be
considered valid?
Why should we care
about historical truth?
Is there a
True history?
Role of bias and
Interpretation in history:
emotion, culture, etc.
Explanation of
the concept of
validity in relation
to historical evidence

29. Claims in History President Description Ahmedinejad’s of Holocaust
denial of the
Jewish Holocaust
Description
of Holocaust
Auschwitz
Wall Street crash
Phlogiston
“Witchhunt” of
communists in USA
Validity of claims in
Mathematics and
Science…
Importance of history
Understanding the present
Predicting the future
Knowing identity
Other problems:
gaps, language issues,
past interpreted in terms
of present, etc.
Under what
circumstances can a
historical claim be
considered valid?
Validity of claims
in Art…
Why should we care
about historical truth?
Is there a
True history?
Validity of claims
in Ethics…
Role of bias and
Interpretation in history:
emotion, culture, etc.
Explanation of
the concept of
validity in relation
to historical evidence

30. Claims in History ??? President Description Ahmedinejad’s of Holocaust
denial of the
Jewish Holocaust
Description
of Holocaust
Auschwitz
???
Wall Street crash
Phlogiston
“Witchhunt” of
communists in USA
Validity of claims in
Mathematics and
Science…
Importance of history
Understanding the present
Predicting the future
Knowing identity
Other problems:
gaps, language issues,
past interpreted in terms
of present, etc.
Under what
circumstances can a
historical claim be
considered valid?
Validity of claims
in Art…
Why should we care
about historical truth?
Is there a
True history?
Validity of claims
in Ethics…
Role of bias and
Interpretation in history:
emotion, culture, etc.
Explanation of
the concept of
validity in relation
to historical evidence