1. The CALICE test beam at CERN Fabrizio Salvatore Royal Holloway University of London (on behalf of the Calice Collaboration) SPSC meeting, CERN, Geneva, 4 th October 2007

2. F. Salvatore, RHUL2 The CALICE Collaboration 12 countries, 45 laboratories, 225 physicists/engineers, High granularity calorimeters for precision physics Study of particle flow for E /E ~ 30%/E Validation of hadronic interaction models in MC

3. F. Salvatore, RHUL3 Outline Installation The prototypes tested at CERN Beam line setup Detectors description Data taking overview Energy points/position scans/angles Total events collected Detectors performances Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time Response of the detectors Shifts overview Total data taking time Shifts statistics Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

4. F. Salvatore, RHUL4 Outline Installation The prototypes tested at CERN Beam line setup Detectors description Data taking overview Energy points/position scans/angles Total events collected Detectors performances Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time Response of the detectors Shifts overview Total data taking time Shifts statistics Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

5. F. Salvatore, RHUL5 A difficult start….. June 07 – from DESY to CERN http://www.pp.rhul.ac.uk/~calice/fab/WWW/Pictures.htm

6. F. Salvatore, RHUL6 Two weeks later… Si-W ECAL Sci-Fe HCAL Sci-Fe Tail Catcher MWPC Veto Trigger CALICE calorimeters

7. F. Salvatore, RHUL7 SiW ECAL prototype 200mm 360mm W layers wrapped in carbon fibre 3 modules with different tungsten thickness, total = 24 X 0 Active silicon layers interleaved: PCB+Si+W+Si+PCB layers = 8.5 mm FE chip and readout on PCB board 62 mm 6x6 1x1cm 2 Si pads Conductively glued to PCB 54 PCBs (30 layers) 216 channels/PCB (centre) 108 channels/PCB (bottom) Total channels: 9072 Total radiation length: 24 X 0

8. F. Salvatore, RHUL8 Analog HCAL prototype 38 layers of scintillator tiles (90x90 cm 2 ) with steel absorber High granularity 3x3 + 6x6 + 12x12 cm 2 tiles 30 modules with fine granularity (216 tiles) and 8 with coarse granularity (141 tiles) 7608 readout channels (SiPM) Total interaction length = 4.5 Common DAQ for ECAL+AHCAL+TCMT Measurements of shower leakage and identification provided by Tail Catcher + Muon Tracker (TCMT) 96 cm of iron absorber with 16 layers of 5*50mm 2 scintillator strips (~10 )

9. F. Salvatore, RHUL9 A real tracking calorimeter We are working towards prototyping calorimeters for particle flow algorithms for the ILC ! Beam ECAL AHCAL TCMT

10. F. Salvatore, RHUL10 Mc2 Beam-line setup Sc1+Sc3 -> 10x10cm 2 beamData trigger Mc1+Mc2 (placed on beam line only for muon calibration runs) -> 100x100cm 2 calibration trigger Sc2 -> 20x20cm 2 muon calibration trigger

11. F. Salvatore, RHUL11 Outline Installation The prototypes tested at CERN Beam line setup Detectors description Data taking overview Energy points/position scans/angles Total events collected Detectors performances Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time Response of the detectors Shifts overview Total data taking time Shifts statistics Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

12. F. Salvatore, RHUL12 Energy points and particle types Proposed in TB planCollected during TB Energy (GeV)6,8,10,12,15,18,20,25,30,40,50,60,806,8,10,12,15,18,20,25,30,40,50, 60,80,100,120,130,150,180 Particles ± /e ± ± /e ± /protons Beam energies extrapolated from secondary beam Electron beam obtained sending secondary beam on Pb target /e separation achieved using Cherenkov threshold detector filled with He gas Possible to distinguish from e for energies from 25 to 6 GeV /proton separation achieved using Cherenkov threshold detector with N 2 gas Possible to distinguish from protons for energies from 80 to 30 GeV

13. F. Salvatore, RHUL13 Angle and position scans Proposed in TB planCollected during TB Angles0, 10, 15, 20, 300, 10, 20, 30 Position scans Centre of ECAL Centre of AHCAL Inter-alveolae Centre of ECAL ±6cm from ECAL centre wafer Bottom slab of ECAL (±6,0,±3cm, -3cm) Centre of AHCAL Centre of ECAL; AHCAL ±6cm off beam-line Inter-alveolae (±3cm, ±3cm) -6

14. F. Salvatore, RHUL14 Angular scans of ECAL+AHCAL One of the most important topic for this years tb: we rotated (and re-staggered) both calorimeters !

15. F. Salvatore, RHUL15 Total events collected Total Events vs Time Event Types slope: ~3M evts/day 200M triggers !!!

16. F. Salvatore, RHUL16 Outline Installation The prototypes tested at CERN Beam line setup Detectors description Data taking overview Energy points/position scans/angles Total events collected Detectors performances Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time Response of the detectors Shifts overview Total data taking time Shifts statistics Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

17. F. Salvatore, RHUL17 Trigger/DAQ rate High energy beams (30-180 GeV) Trigger rate on 10x10 set to <10K pps to prevent damage to the detectors Average rate ~8K pps DAQ rate ~70-80 Hz Low energy beams (6-25 GeV) Trigger rate on 10x10 adjusted in beam files using available collimators Average rate ~ 600 pps@ 6 GeV, ~1-3K pps@ 8-25 GeV DAQ rate ~35-60 Hz

18. F. Salvatore, RHUL18 DAQ performance 90 Hz limit of DAQ in spill 120 Hz limit of DAQ out of spill limited by beam rate

19. F. Salvatore, RHUL19 Alignment performed by CERN survey group Well collimated beam, also at low energy Beam impact point tuned by shift crew differences ~ 1cm from run to run MWPC performance

20. F. Salvatore, RHUL20 ECAL response Plot made during shifts, no corrections applied e-e+ Irradiation of one PCB (see next slide)

21. F. Salvatore, RHUL21 Irradiation of one ECAL PCB 5 position scan for each of the 4 chips on the special ECAL slab - 90 (and 70) GeV electron beam used ~1.2 M events per chip Test of one PCB with embedded electronics Placed in ECAL shower maximum

22. F. Salvatore, RHUL22 AHCAL response plots made during shift with online analysis tool. NO corrections applied - + 10 o 20 o runs < 330231 marked as odd AHCAL longitudinal profile

23. F. Salvatore, RHUL23 Calibration with defocused muon beam 20 deg 10 deg 0 deg muon in HCAL noise stable @ ~ 5 mip

24. F. Salvatore, RHUL24 /proton separation in ECAL/AHCAL pion threshold proton threshold He beam E [GeV] Pressure [bar] beam E [GeV] Pressure [bar] 10 20 3010 50 100 min. pressure N2N2 ECAL HCAL Cherenkov ON = pions Cherenkov OFF = protons 1 mip-like particle

25. F. Salvatore, RHUL25 TCMT response 180 GeV pion strong AHCAL-TCMT anti-correlation Beam ECAL AHCAL TCMT

26. F. Salvatore, RHUL26 Up-time Time since 5 th of July4 147 200 sec 14.4s super-cycle2 389 798 sec 16.6s (20.4s) super-cycle889 829 sec Power cuts86 400 sec Summer students57 600 sec /e/p data 1 790 698 sec muons (100x100)153 976 sec muons (20x20)131 752 sec AHCAL only365 195 sec Calibration318 447 sec SPS up-time79.1% Beam controlled by H6B76.1% (96.2% of up-time) DAQ taking analysis data62% (81.5% of beam in H6B) DAQ on calibration15.1%

27. F. Salvatore, RHUL27 Outline Installation The prototypes tested at CERN Beam line setup Detectors description Data taking overview Energy points/position scans/angles Total events collected Detectors performances Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time Response of the detectors Shifts overview Total data taking time Shifts statistics Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

28. F. Salvatore, RHUL28 Shift summary Data-taking weeks7 (July 5 th to Aug 22 nd ) Total shifts418 July shifts247 August shifts171 Fantastic response from the whole collaboration to a very intense TB programme Huge support from all SPS colleagues Special thanks to Edda and Ilias for all their help (3 people/shift)

29. F. Salvatore, RHUL29 Total shifts Very few empty slots ! 46 people taking shifts !

30. F. Salvatore, RHUL30 Summary This years test beam has been a huge success ! The test beam programme has been completely fulfilled, thanks to the hard work of everyone involved and to the extra weeks given to us by CERN The participation in the test beam has been incredible and full of enthusiasm from everyone in the collaboration We have ~14 TB of data available on the grid ready to be analyzed

31. F. Salvatore, RHUL31 Outlook Analysis of 2007 test beam data has started ECAL Physics performances: linearity and resolution Detector performances: study of noise of Si detectors Irradiation of test PCB with integrated electronics Particle flow algorithms applied to TB data AHCAL+TCMT Detector performances: calibration of SiPM temperature dependence of SiPM signal Physics performances: linearity and resolution Comparison with existing MC models: characterization of electromagnetic and hadronic showers Eagerly awaited by all ILC community !

32. F. Salvatore, RHUL32 Outline Installation The prototypes tested at CERN Beam line setup Detectors description Data taking overview Energy points/position scans/angles Total events collected Detectors performances Trigger rate/DAQ rate/up-time Response of the detectors Shifts overview Total data taking time Shifts statistics Preliminary results from the 2006 CERN test beam

33. F. Salvatore, RHUL33 The 2006 test beam @ CERN Two beam periods Aug 25 th Sept 6 th ECAL+AHCAL: 1.7M triggers, beam, 5 energy points (30- 80 GeV), 3 angles ECAL alone: 8.6M triggers, e - beam, 6 energy points (10-45 GeV), 4 angles 30M muon events for calibration Oct 11 th Oct 30 th ECAL+AHCAL+TCMT e - /e + beams, 3.8M triggers, 10 energy points (6-45 GeV) - / + beams, 22M triggers, 11 energy points (6-60 GeV) 40M muon events for calibration Preliminary results presented at LCWS07 arXiv:Physics.ins-det.0709.2516

34. F. Salvatore, RHUL34 Summary of 2006 data taken Size on disk: ~ 40 kB/evt 65M events = 2.5 TB for CERN Physics runs + 70 M = 3 TB for muon calibration runs August period October period Sept. break μ calib. runs μ calib.

35. F. Salvatore, RHUL35 Preliminary results of ECAL analysis Raw energy spectrum Asymmetry due to inter-wafer gaps Spectrum after selecting events outside gaps

36. F. Salvatore, RHUL36 ECAL resolution (outside gaps)

37. F. Salvatore, RHUL37 Linearity (outside gaps) Desy CERN Non-linearities at few % level

38. F. Salvatore, RHUL38 Longitudinal shower development

39. F. Salvatore, RHUL39 AHCAL response to electrons AHCAL alone (15 layers) Remove hits below 0.5 mip Energy sum of whole AHCAL, fit mean response Linearity better than 6% Longitudinal energy profile

40. F. Salvatore, RHUL40 Response to pions Energy sum compared between data and MC GEISHA (no neutron transport) GCALOR+FLUKA+MICAP (full neutron response) Linearity Longitudinal shower development lead to similar conclusion as EM showers General trend as expected More detailed analysis needed for quantitative results

41. F. Salvatore, RHUL41 Summary of 2006 test beam Analysis of 2006 data well under way More than 9TB of data to analyze ! Excellent performance of the ECAL Very encouraging preliminary results on resolution, linearity and longitudinal shower development First results from e/ AHCAL results Encouraging results for EM studies Promising results from pion beam data Expect first publications by end of this year

42. F. Salvatore, RHUL42 General Outlook The collaboration is very healthy ! We are entering in the publications phase Two papers are being prepared on the 2006 test beam, and will be out by the end of the year Analysis on the 2007 data is well under way ! There is a lot of interest in our results Several presentations at conferences: LCWS07, EPS, ALCPG07, 2007 Geant4 Workshop,.. We are growing ! Three new institutes asked to join last month There are ~30 PhD students doing their thesis on CALICE Many thanks to all at the SPS that made all this a reality !

43. F. Salvatore, RHUL43 Backup slides

44. F. Salvatore, RHUL44 The H6B beam Excellent beam set-up Super-cycle: Secondary beam energies: 14 bp/16.8 sec day (17 bp/20.4 sec from 15/08) 12 bp/14.4 sec night/w-e -80 GeV wobbling - (40-100 GeV) and e - (15-50 GeV) -10 GeV wobbling - and e - (6-25 GeV) +60 GeV wobbling + /p(30-80 GeV) and e + (10-50 GeV) -130 GeV wobbling - (60-180 GeV) and e - (70-90 GeV)

45. F. Salvatore, RHUL45 Data on disk Last run33 1693 Number of runs1 693 Combined runs to grid 1 693 (100%) Converted runs to grid 1 693 (100%) Disk space8 274 GB Disk space for converted runs 5 965 GB Total disk space used 13 TB, 927 GB Last run35 0395 Number of runs395 AHCAL runs to grid 395 (100%) Converted runs to grid 395 (100%) Disk space598 GB Disk space for converted runs 369 GB Total disk space used 0 TB, 967 GB Combined ECAL+AHCALAHCAL only 14 TB of data !