1. How do you get charges on an element?

2. An ion is an element with a charge
Na+
Cl-

3. Charges can be positive or negative
If I want a negative charge, I simply add an electron
Remember electrons are negative
Cl-

4. Charges can be positive or negative
If I want a positive charge can I add a proton?

5. Charges can be positive or negative
If I want a positive charge can I add a proton?

6. Charges can be positive or negative
You can never ever ever ever ever ever ever ever never ever ever ever add a proton.
Why?
What happens if I add a proton?
You change the element. Protons are in the nucleus and we do not want to mess with that

7. Charges can be positive or negative
So how do I get a positive charge?
You LOSE an electron

8. Charges can be positive or negative
So how do I get a positive charge?
You LOSE an electron
Na+

9. So how do I know if I will gain or lose an electron?
Every element wants to have a full outer shell. Some times it’s easier to lose an electron rather than gain many.
Sometimes it’s easier to gain a few electrons rather than lose many.
It’s all about that outer shell (valence electrons)

10. http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302819/slides/slide_8.jpg 1 8A 2 3A

11. All of these would have a POSITIVE 1 charge2 3A 5A 6A 7A
It is easier to LOSE 1 electron than it is to gain 7 so GROUP 1 elements LOSE 1 electron
All of these would have a POSITIVE 1 charge

12. All of these would have a POSTIVE 2 charge1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A
It is easier to LOSE 2 electrons than it is to gain 6 so GROUP 2 elements lose 2 electrons
All of these would have a POSTIVE 2 charge

13. All of these would have a POSITIVE 3 charge1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A
It is easier to LOSE 3 electron than it is to gain 5 so GROUP 3A elements lose 3 electrons
All of these would have a POSITIVE 3 charge

14. All of these would have a NEGATIVE 3 charge1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A
It is easier to GAIN 3 electrons than it is to lose 5 so GROUP 5A elements gain 3 electrons
All of these would have a NEGATIVE 3 charge

15. All of these would have a NEGATIVE 2 charge1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A
It is easier to GAIN 2 electrons than it is to lose 6 so GROUP 6A elements gain 2 electrons
All of these would have a NEGATIVE 2 charge

16. All of these would have a NEGATIVE 1 charge2 3A 5A 6A 7A
It is easier to GAIN 1 electron than it is to lose 7 so GROUP 7A elements gain 1 electron
All of these would have a NEGATIVE 1 charge

17. 1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A
GROUP 8A already has a full shell so it will neither gain nor lose any electrons

18. GAIN ELECTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGES LOSE ELECTRONS POSITIVE CHARGE1 8A 2 3A 5A 6A 7A
GAIN ELECTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGES
LOSE ELECTRONS POSITIVE CHARGE

19. Electron Configuration
ELEMENT
PERIOD
GROUP
CHARGE H 1
(+1) H+ He 18
none Ne Li 2
Li+ Be
(+2)
Be2+ B 3a
(+3)
B3+ N 5a
(-3)
N3- O 6a
(-2)
O2- F 7a
(-1) F- 8a Na 3
Na+ Mg
Mg2+ Al
Al3+ P
P3- S
S2- Cl
Cl- Ar K 4 K+ Ca
Ca2+
Electron Configuration

20. The ability to attract electrons.
Electronegativity
The ability to attract electrons.
How badly the element wants to gain electrons
Increases as you move from left to right along a period
GAIN ELECTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGES
INCREASE

21. https://image. slidesharecdn