1. RNA Structure and Function, Transcription and Translation

2. RNA (RIBONUCLEIC ACID)
Function:
All traits you have due to proteins of amino acids
Genes contain “blueprints” to make protein
Ribosomes are site of protein synthesis
RNA reads blueprints & makes protein

3. Structure: Single Strand Sugar = ribose Phosphate group
Bases = adenine, guanine, cytosine, URACIL (replaces T)

5. Types: mRNA: messenger (carries info to ribosome)
tRNA: transfer (moves amino acids to ribosome)
rRNA: ribosomal (makes up ribosomes)

6. Gene Expression:
Transcription: RNA copy of gene made from DNA molecule
Translation: Proteins made
DNA RNA PROTEIN
Transcription Translation

7. PRACTICE DNA = ATCGATACG Complementary DNA = mRNA = TAGCTATGC
AUCGAUACG
DNA = TCCGTACGA
Complementary DNA =
mRNA =
AGGCATGCT
UCCGUACGA

8. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (TRANSLATION)
The Genetic Code
Every 3 nucleotides in mRNA code for specific amino acid; triplet or codon
Genetic code is universal; same in all organisms
tRNA anticodon is complementary to mRNA codon; picks up amino acids

9. THE GENETIC CODE
mRNA CODONS

10. Exon – gene that is expressed; coding portion of dna
Intron – gene that is not expressed; non- coding portion of dna

11. PRACTICE What amino acids are coded for by the following mRNA codons?
GUC
UAC
AAA
Val
Tyr
Lys
CCG
UCG
GCA
Pro
Ser
Ala
What are the possible codons for the following series of amino acids?
Phe – Tyr - Met
UUU UAU AUG
UUC UAC

12. What are the complementary mRNA codons to the tRNA anticodons?
AAA
ACG
UCU
UUU
UGC
AGA