1. Chapter 2
Classification

2. SPI: SPI 0807.5.1 - Use a simple classification key to identify an unknown organism.

3. Classification means organizing living things into groups based on their similarities.

4. Scientists classify living and extinct organisms to make them easier to study.

5. Organisms are classified by shared characteristics and their relationships between one another.

6. The levels of classification go from very general to very specific.

7. Domain Did
Kingdom King
Phylum Philip
Class The 8 levels: Come
Order Over
Family From
Genus Great
Species Spain

8. The science of classifying organisms is called taxonomy.

9. Taxonomy was founded by Linnaeus in the 1700’s.
He classified things only by their shared characteristics.

10. Modern taxonomists also look at evolutionary relationships between animals.

11. A branching diagram can show the relationships between organisms.

12. Organisms that are more closely related are closer together on the branching diagram.

14. Giving birth to live young
Platypus Brown Bear Lion House Cat
Ability to purr
Retractable claws
Giving birth to live young
Hair, mammary glands

15. Moss Fern Pine tree Hibiscus
Flowers
Seeds
Tissues that transport materials
Ability to live on land

16. When living things are classified, they get a scientific name.
The scientific name is the same anywhere in the world.

17. Scientific names are usually Latin or Greek.
The scientific name is always the genus and species name together.

18. The genus is always written first and capitalized.
The species is second and is always lower case.

19. The scientific name is always italicized or underlined.
Ex. Felis domesticus

20. Scientists can use a dichotomous key to identify unknown organisms.
Pg.52

21. Scientists use 6 kingdoms.
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia

22. Bacteria are prokaryotic, meaning they do not have nuclei.
All other living things are eukaryotic and have nuclei

23. Archaebacteria live in extreme environments (very hot or cold)
They have been on the earth for about 3 billion years.

24. Most bacteria are in kingdom Eubacteria.
They live in many places all over the earth and even inside other organisms.

28. Kingdom Protista consists of unicellular & simple multicellular organisms.

29. Protista includes organisms that are not plants, animals or fungi

34. Plants are usually green and make food by photosynthesis
Kingdom Plantae
Plants are usually green and make food by photosynthesis
They are complex, multicellular organisms

35. They absorb food from their surroundings.
Kingdom Fungi
They absorb food from their surroundings.
Fungi are usually multicellular
(except yeast).

36. Kingdom Animalia
Most move around and have nervous systems. Animals are complex and multicellular.