1. CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS CHAPTER 2 Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

2. Do NOW 9/10/15 Think about different ways you classify things. List four groups of things that humans classify, such as library books. What happens when you put something in the wrong group? Can objects or ideas belong in more than one group? Think about different ways you classify things. List four groups of things that humans classify, such as library books. What happens when you put something in the wrong group? Can objects or ideas belong in more than one group? Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

3. Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names. Can I explain scientific names. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

4. Classification Classification means organizing living things into groups based on their similarities. Scientists classify living and extinct organisms to make them easier to study. Organisms are classified by shared characteristics and their relationships between one another. Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Video Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

5. Why Classify Living Things? Classifying living things makes it easier to find and share information about them. When scientist discover new living things, classification can show how the new living thing relates to others already classified. Th e classification of living things makes it easier for biologist to answer important questions such as: Classifying living things makes it easier to find and share information about them. When scientist discover new living things, classification can show how the new living thing relates to others already classified. Th e classification of living things makes it easier for biologist to answer important questions such as: 1. How many known species there are? About 1.8 million have been given scientific names and thousand are added every year. 2. What are the defining characteristics? 3. What are the relationships between species? Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

6. Early Classification systems Before genetically based studies, scientists classified organisms by their physical characteristics and their presumed natural relationships. Aristotle grouped things by the way they moved. Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

7. The science of classifying organisms is called taxonomy. Taxonomy was founded by Linnaeus in the 1700s. He classified things only by their shared characteristics. Taxonomy Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

8. Modern Taxonomists& Researchers Recently found, buried Antarctic lake teems with new life. Microbes living a lake deep under ice. Biologists found these new living cells that have been living in the lake’s pitch-black water at a frigid temperature of 0.49 degrees Celsius (31.1 degree Fahrenheit). Look at past relationships between animals Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 When scientist discover new living things, classification can show how the new living thing relates to others already classified.

9. The levels of classification go from very general to very specific. Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

10. Here’s how the groupings work: Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. At every step down the classification ladder, the thing that is the specific owl is narrowed down. Animal Horned Owl Circular facial disk rather than heart shaped Scientific Name Animal w/ backbone Bird (egg-layers with feathers) Eyes cannot move in socket, so whole head moves In the Biological classification system, each level of subdivision has its name. Here are the traditional names… Humans and birds are alike down to the class level.

11. The 8 levels: (pneumonic device) Domain..................................Did Domain..................................Did Kingdom...............................King Kingdom...............................King Phylum..................................Philip Phylum..................................Philip Class.......................................Come Class.......................................Come Order......................................Over Order......................................Over Family.....................................For Family.....................................For Genus.....................................Grape Genus.....................................Grape Species....................................Soda Species....................................Soda Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

12. Stack Styrofoam cups in the correct classification order. Stack Styrofoam cups in the correct classification order. Each group member gets 2 cups. First one done gets 15 points for science showdown. Each group member gets 2 cups. First one done gets 15 points for science showdown. Science Showdown Activity Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

13. When living things are classified, they get a scientific name. When living things are classified, they get a scientific name. The scientific name is the same anywhere in the world. The scientific name is the same anywhere in the world. Scientific Name Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

14. The 4 Rules to writing a Scientific Name: 1. Scientific names are usually Latin or Greek. 2. The scientific name is always the genus and species name together. 3. The genus is always written first and capitalized. The species is second and is always lower case. 4. The scientific name is always italicized or underlined. Example: Felis domesticus Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

15. Lion Tiger KingdomAnimalia Animalia KingdomAnimalia Animalia PhylumChordata Chordata PhylumChordata Chordata ClassMammalia Mammalia ClassMammalia Mammalia OrderCarnivora Carnivora OrderCarnivora Carnivora FamilyFelidae Felidae FamilyFelidae Felidae GenusPanthera Panthera GenusPanthera Panthera Speciesleo tigris Speciesleo tigris  With your elbow partner decide what is the same about the lion and tiger? What is different? Elbow Partner Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names

16. Domains and Kingdoms Bacteria are prokaryotic, meaning they do NOT have a nuclei. Bacteria are prokaryotic, meaning they do NOT have a nuclei. All other living things are eukaryotic and have nuclei. All other living things are eukaryotic and have nuclei. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

17. Scientists use 3 Domains: Scientists use 3 Domains: Archaea Archaea Bacteria Bacteria Eukarya Eukarya Prokaryotes (no nucleus, single-celled organism) Eukaryotes (have nucleus) Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 A Domain is the largest group into which living things can be classified.

18. Scientists use 6 Kingdoms: 1. Archaebacteria 2. Eubacteria 3. Protista 4. Plantae 5. Fungi 6. Animalia Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

19. Domain: Archaea Kingdom: Archaebacteria Live in extreme environments (very hot or cold). They have been on earth for about 3 billion years. You can find Archaea in hot springs at Yellowstone. Live in extreme environments (very hot or cold). They have been on earth for about 3 billion years. You can find Archaea in hot springs at Yellowstone. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

20. Domain: Bacteria Kingdom: Eubacteria Most bacteria live in Kingdom Eubacteria. They live in many place all over earth and even inside other organisms. Have rigid cell walls. Most bacteria live in Kingdom Eubacteria. They live in many place all over earth and even inside other organisms. Have rigid cell walls. E. Coli lives in the intestines of animals and decompose undigested food. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

21. Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Protista Consists of unicellular and simple multicellular organisms. Protista includes organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. They make their own food or feed on once living things. Consists of unicellular and simple multicellular organisms. Protista includes organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. They make their own food or feed on once living things. ParameciumZooflagellates Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

22. Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Plants are usually green and make food by photosynthesis. They are complex, multicellular organisms. Plants are usually green and make food by photosynthesis. They are complex, multicellular organisms. In this kingdom, live the oldest unitary organisms in the world... In this kingdom, live the oldest unitary organisms in the world... Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

23. BRISTLECONE PINE Known to surpass 5,000 years in age. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

24. GIANT SEQUOIA This tree is no longer considered the longest living tree, but may someday because they live forever. Only dying when an external physical event kills the, e.g. fire or erosion. Oldest sequoia tree today 3,300 years of age and it’s the largest member of Plantae

25. Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Fungi They absorb food from their surroundings (lving or dead). Fungi are usually multicellular (except yeast). They absorb food from their surroundings (lving or dead). Fungi are usually multicellular (except yeast). Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

26. Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Most move around, have nervous systems, feed on other living things or once living things. Animals are complex & multicellular. Most living things have a common name such as brown bear. Most move around, have nervous systems, feed on other living things or once living things. Animals are complex & multicellular. Most living things have a common name such as brown bear. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

27. Hands-On Inquiry-Based Objective: To understand reason for classification in science. Procedure: 1.Remove your right shoe. 2.List all the shoes you have by 3 characteristics (e.g. White Nike Sneaker) 3.Divide this into 2 sub groups by common characteristics. Make title for your sub groups. 4.Continue until you only have one shoe per subgroup. 5. When I tell you, move to the next group and classify these 3 new shoes. Place them into the top of your flowchart and continue through the chart. Standard: SPI 0807.5.1

28. Analysis: On your own paper Independent Work: 1.What were some of the common characteristics that you used to classify your shoes? 1.Did you have nay trouble classifying them 1.Was it difficult to use your chart for the 3 new shoes? 1.Conclusion: Write 2 sentences on what you learned today on classification.

29. EXIT Ticket Standard: SPI 0807.5.1 On a post-it note, reflect on what you learned today on classification. On a post-it note, reflect on what you learned today on classification. Can I explain why and how organisms are classified. Can I list the eight levels of classification. Can I explain scientific names