1. PSD Categories Type of Document Origin Purpose Value Limitation Diary
Primary, by author for author, rarely published
To keep memories for later (sometimes with eye to publication)
Eyewitness to event and usually written immediately after event occurred (rarely lies)
Only one person’s view, there will be perspective issues
Reminiscence
Primary, by author or interviewee for interviewer a/o general public
To offer an eyewitnesses’ perspective on event
Eyewitness
Length of time between events and recollection can lead to loss of info, or changing of story, perspective issues
Monograph
Usually by expert (often academic historian)
To educate colleagues, students and public (to get additional pay and avoid ‘publish or perish’)
Usually many years of primary source research in archives and thorough knowledge of secondary works on topic
Always perspective issues, usually not an eyewitness, can err deliberately or accidentally, not very useful for quick overview of topic
General Text
Secondary, usually by panel of experts on country or topic
To educate students
Offers quick overview for student seeking easy info
Usually NOT an expert on every topic in text so there are often gaps and errors
Cartoon
Primary, done by artist for public at the time
To educate, entertain, often to sell news-papers and journals
Offers at least one person’s perspective on issue of the time
Don’t know how widespread it is, often exaggeration used for comic effect
Speech
Primary
For public usually
Offers official view of speaker, it is what speaker wants audience to hear
May not be real views of speaker, speeches designed to sway opinion
Internal Memo
For internal examination amongst officials of gov’t depts, etc.
Usually DO NOT lie, so it is official view like speech but private thoughts often given too
Do not know what outsiders’ know, only what officials are saying to each other