1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION

2. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
The process by which plants use energy from sunlight (electromagnetic energy) to change and store it as Chemical energy in a molecule of glucose (a carbohydrate)
Energy is stored in the bonds of the glucose molecule (C6H12O6)
Occurs in the Chloroplast
Contains chlorophyll – a light absorbing pigment

3. PHOTOSYNTHESIS REACTANTS Sunlight Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Water (H2O)
Products
Glucose (C6H12O6)
Oxygen (O2)
Equation
Sun + 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

4. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 2 Phases: Phase 1: Light reactions
chlorophyll inside chloroplasts absorb light (electromagnetic) energy
Electrons are moved to the electron carrier NADP+ to create NADPH
Phase 2: Calvin Cycle
6 CO2 molecules along with ATP and the electrons from the NADPH molecules are used to build glucose

5. RESPIRATION
The process by which cells break down glucose into a usable energy source (ATP is created)
2 main types
Aerobic Respiration – occurs in the presence of O2
Anaerobic Respiration – occurs in the absence of O2

6. RESPIRATION Occurs mainly in the mitochondria Reactants
Glucose (C6H12O6)
Oxygen (O2)
Products
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Water (H2O)
ATP – Used for cell work (energy released as heat = thermal energy)
Equation
C6H12O6 + 6O CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

7. AEROBIC RESPIRATION 3 Main Parts 1. Glycolysis
The breakdown of glucose (6 C’s) into 2 molecules of Pyruvate (3 C’s)
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Produces 4 Total ATP molecules
But 2 get used during this process

8. AEROBIC RESPIRATION 2. Krebs Cycle The breakdown of Pyruvate
Produces 2 ATP Molecules
3. Electron Transport
The final step in the break down of glucose
Occurs in the mitochondria
Produces a total of 30 ATP
Total ATP produced in Aerobic Respiration = 36
Net ATP = 34 (2 were used in Glycolysis)

9. ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
2 TYPES
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Pyruvate from Glycolysis is turned into Lactic Acid
Produces 2 ATP
Occurs in muscle cells when the body cannot supply enough oxygen
Alcohol Fermentation
Pyruvate is turned into ethyl alcohol
Occurs in Yeast and some bacteria

10. Explain how photosynthesis and Respiration forms a cycle.