1. CW Mrs Tiresias Saturday, 23 February 2019
Learning Outcomes
To understand how the original myth is explored and subverted by Duffy
To be able to analyse and evaluate Duffy’s use of language and verse form

2. Mrs Tiresias, by Carol Ann Duffy
Tiresias, according to one legend, hit two copulating snakes with a stick and was turned into a woman. (Why are snakes always the baddies in literature?)
Seven years later he encounters another pair of copulating snakes. He hits them with a stick and is turned back into a man.
The Roman god and goddess Jupiter (Zeus) and Juno (Hera) are married and have a row about love-making.
In short, Jupiter is unhappy with the quantity and Juno is unhappy with the quality.
They want to know whether a man or a woman receives the most pleasure from sex.
Being the only one who could speak from experience, Tiresias was brought in to answer. He said the female, and Juno, enraged, made him blind.
He then became a soothsayer and told Oedipus that he'd killed his father and married his mother, but that's not important to the point; nor to this lesson.

3. Two copulating snakes turn Tiresias into a woman

4. And years later Tiresias meets two copulating snakes that turn her back into a man

5. Questions:
All I know is this: he went out for his walk a man and came home female. Out the back gate with his stick, the dog; wearing his garden kecks, an open-necked shirt, and a jacket in Harris tweed I’d patched at the elbows myself. Whistling. He liked to hear the first cuckoo of Spring then write to the Times. I’d usually heard it days before him but I never let on.
Who do you think is speaking?
What kind of picture do we get of this man?
Would these be considered typical male behaviours?
Why do you think she lied about hearing the cuckoo before he did?

6. I’d heard one that morning while he was asleep; just as I heard
Questions
I’d heard one that morning
while he was asleep;
just as I heard
at about 6pm,
a faint sneer of thunder up in the woods
and felt
a sudden heat at the back of my knees.
He was late getting back.
What indications do we have that something ‘magical’ has taken place?
The “sneer of thunder”. What figure of speech is this?
Why do you think the thunder ‘sneered’?

7. Questions
I was brushing my hair in the mirror and running a bath when a face swam into view next to my own. The eyes were the same. But in the shocking V of the shirt were breasts. When he uttered my name in a woman’s voice I passed out.
He walks the dog in tweeds and she has a bath and brushes her hair. She faints when he speaks. What stereotypes are being played out here?

8. Questions
Life has to go on. I put it about that he was a twin and this was his sister came down to live while he himself was working abroad.
What do you think of her response to the situation: “Life has to go on”?
Why does she lie about their new situation? What might she be frightened of people thinking?

9. Questions
And at first I tried to be kind; blow drying his hair till he learnt to do it himself, lending him clothes till he started to shop for his own, sisterly, holding his soft new shape in my arms all night.
How does she describe their relationship?
Why do you think she still refers to her as ‘he’ and ‘him’?
At the beginning the narrator said he came back female. Do you think the narrator believes there is a difference between being female and being a woman?

10. Questions
Then he started his period. one week in bed. two doctors in. three painkillers four times a day. And later a letter to the powers-that-be demanding full-paid menstrual leave twelve weeks a year. I see him now, his selfish pale face peering at the moon through the bathroom window.
How does ‘he’ react to the period?
The female menstrual cycle is often associated with the moon and, in turn, the tides. How is this demonstrated here?
Was this alluded to before? How did ‘he’ first appear to her as a woman?
Why, do you think, he is ‘selfish’?
N.B. The narrator is mocking the apparent inability of man to bear pain, but the letter to the “powers-that-be” indicates that she feels men have more political and strategic power in our society than women.

11. Questions
The curse, he said, the curse Don’t kiss me in public, he snapped the next day, I don’t want people getting the wrong idea It got worse.
What, do you think, is ‘the curse’?
What might ‘the wrong idea’ be?
How might it get “worse”?

12. Questions
After he left, I would glimpse him out and about, entering glitzy restaurants on the arms of powerful men- though I knew for sure there’d be nothing of that going on if he had his way- or on TV telling the women out there how, as a woman himself, he knew how we felt. His flirt’s smile.
What has happened to their relationship?
How does the narrator convey that he is not a ‘real’ woman but is role-playing?
He/she is now going out with men, but is celibate. Why do you think that might be?

13. The one thing he never got right Was the voice.
Questions
The one thing he never got right
Was the voice.
A cling-peach slithering out of its tin
I gritted my teeth
What does the metaphor “a cling peach slithering out of its tin” suggest about the voice?
Why might she ‘grit’ her ‘teeth’? How does she feel about her husband now?

14. There hasn’t been any intimacy yet.
Back to the myth
Remember the myth?
The whole point is that Tiresias has been turned into a woman by the gods so s/he can find out whether men enjoy sexual intimacy more than women, or the other way around.
There hasn’t been any intimacy yet.

15. There’s a twist in the tale
And this is my lover, I said,
the one time we met,
at a glittering ball,
under the lights,
among tinkling glass,
and watched the way he stared
at her violet eyes
at the blaze of her skin,
at the slow caress of her hand on the back of my neck;
Questions:
What has changed about Duffy’s use of language in this stanza?

16. It’s all rather clever
So Mrs Tiresias, whose husband is now female and has left her, now has a woman as a lover. Meanwhile, her husband, as a female, flirts with men but appears to be celibate, thus denying the gods their answer.

17. her bite at the fruit of my lips, and hear my red wet cry in the night
Questions
and saw him picture
her bite,
her bite at the fruit of my lips,
and hear
my red wet cry in the night
as she shook his hand
saying How do you do;
and I noticed then his hands, her hands,
the clash of their sparkling rings and their painted nails.
How does the narrator convey that Tiresias might be jealous?
Why does she describe her lips as ‘fruit’?
How does Tiresias greet the narrator’s lover?
What are two possible interpretations of “clash”?

18. Now let’s go back to this myth.
Juno was a goddess and Jupiter was a god.
They had a bedroom problem
They were a ‘straight’ heterosexual couple
Tiresias was their ‘Agony Aunt’
When Juno didn’t get the answer she wanted from Tiresias, she blinded him in revenge.
It’s hardly fair, is it?
Can you think of two things Carol Duffy might be trying to tell Juno and Jupiter?