1. Synchrotron Science and User Program A Brief Update Presented to the SLAC SPC Keith O. Hodgson, SSRL Director May 7, 2004
Linac Coherent Light Source
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

2. A Strategic Vision Built Upon Enabling Evolutionary and Revolutionary SR Accelerator Facilities at SSRL/SLAC
FY03
FY04
FY05
FY06
FY07
FY08
FY09
FY10
FY11
FY12
constr/install
operation
3 GeV, low emittance intermediate energy x-ray light source (18 nm-rad), high current (500 mA) - providing enhanced photon beams (1-2 orders of magnitude more flux and brightness than SPEAR2)
7-month installation complete (on time and within budget) – first commissioning phase also complete - user program has resumed (March, 2004)
Expansion capacity for new beam lines – 7 ID and 14 bend – first two ID lines already in design/construction – soft x-ray and hard x-ray undulators
constr commis / operation
Pioneering experiment begun in 2003 (ends in 2006) using SLAC linac with added bunch compressor and undulator to produce 80 fsec x-ray pulses
First direct experience with properties and applications of a high brightness, short pulse linac driven x-ray light source. Strong synergy between accelerator and photon science and valuable experience for LCLS science and technology
World’s first x-ray FEL - in 2nd year of PED funding - CD2a approval by DOE (6/03) authorizes advance procurements ($30M) - in FY2005 President’s budget
Technically sufficiently mature and risks well understood to begin construction in FY2006 with first laser commissioning in early FY2008 (Fall, 2007) and project completion by beginning of FY2009
Substantial headroom for future expansion of both performance and capacity to serve the Nation’s needs through the next decade and beyond
Project Engineering and Design
construction
constr / commis
operation
Linac Coherent Light Source
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

3. SPEAR3 – Off to a Spectacular Start – I

4. SPEAR3 – Off to a Spectacular Start – II
On March 8 – first beam was brought into an experimental hutch (BL9-3). BL9-3 was also the first station to be scheduled for users, who measured the first data set on March 15 – within than a year after the start of the SPEAR3 installation.
Benefits of the at-energy injection have become immediately clear – typical fill times are a few minutes as compared to minutes with SPEAR2. Systems are in place to implement top-off mode in the future once other goals (stable high current running) have been achieved and radiation safety questions/issues have been worked out. Lifetimes rapidly improving and just now going to 3 fills/day.

5. SPEAR3 – Off to a Spectacular Start – III
As of early May, 2004 – 7 of 11 beam lines have been certified by radiation physics and opened. On these beam lines, 13 experimental stations are now operational and scheduled. Additional stations are being brought on line at a rate of about 1 per 2 weeks. Due to funding and manpower limitations, several stations (e.g. BL4-1 and BL4-3) are delayed into FY2006.
On January 29 – SLAC held a gala celebration to dedicate the new SPEAR3 accelerator – event drew more than 800 people from SLAC, Stanford, and the local and regional communities

6. SPEAR3 – Off to a Spectacular Start – IV
First measurements and user experimental results already demonstrating significant benefits coming from higher brightness and improved stability
The in-hutch image of the beam (BL9-3) shows banding typical of a wiggler viewed at the 5-mrad off-axis. Effect could not be seen with SPEAR2 ring as its source size was too large for radiation from each pole pair to be resolved.
Structure of neurotoxin in complex with protein target, solved using S-enhanced anomalous scattering (BL9-2). Illustrates how challenging structures are being solved with SPEAR3 data. (A. Brunger and collaborators, unpublished)
Example of low-concentration Zn XAS data collected on BL9-3 operating on SPEAR3. The sample was a frozen aqueous solution of Zn2+-bound MerR with a Zn concentration of 86 M. The data represent a single 22-min scan. Under SPEAR2, comparable data would have taken at least 10-fold longer to acquire, possibly without ever achieving as high S/N at high k (JE Shokes, L Song, AO Summers, RA Scott, unpublished).
SPEAR3 now serves an already established, productive and growing user community (2052 users on 400 active proposals at the beginning of SPEAR3 operations in March, 2004); oversubscription for the commissioning run has simply been fierce.

7. Existing Complement of Beam Lines
SPEAR3 – Beam Lines and Expansion Capacity
Existing Complement of Beam Lines
31 experimental stations on 11 beam lines (4 bend and 7 ID)
BL13 ID
BL12
New Beam Lines
SPEAR3 – capacity in fully built out phase for 18 bend and 14 ID beam lines – space for up to 14 new bend and 7 new ID lines
First two new ID beam lines in advanced stages of design and soon to begin construction
BL12: Hard x-ray in-vacuum
undulator beam line for macro-
molecular crystallography funded by
Moore gift to Caltech ($12.4M of
which comes to SSRL) – opns. Q1/07
BL13: Soft x-ray variable polarization
undulator beam line for speckle,
microscopy and spectroscopy on
nanoscale materials - funded
by DOE-BES – opns. Q4/06
Near Term Opportunities
6 m East Pit straight - double waist chicane for
2 ea ID BL w/ small gap undulators
2 ea 3.8 m matching straights
2 ea 2.3 m standard straights
3 ea bend magnet source points

8. LCLS – a New Dimension in X-ray Science
Schedule
FY Long-lead purchases for injector, undulator
FY2006 Construction begins
FY2007 FEL commissioning begins
September Construction complete – operation begins
Technical risks well understood – LCLS is ready for construction start
Utilizes existing infrastructure (SLAC Linac) and talent/resources at SLAC, ANL, LLNL, and UCLA to build in a cost effective and very timely manner
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
FY2008
FY2009
Construction
Operation
FY2001
FY2002
FY2003
FY2004
FY2005
FY2006
FY2007
CD-1
CD-2a
CD-2b
CD-3a
CD-3b
CD-0
Title I
Design
Complete
XFEL
Commissioning
CD-4
Critical Decisions Approved

9. LCLS – a Future with Higher Performance and Capacity
LCLS conventional facilities and infrastructure being designed with future expansion capabilities in mind – space for 8 or more additional undulator lines, each serving multiple stations fanning out on either side of the first-phase LCLS complex.
The SLAC linac can already accelerate macropulses containing up to ~60 electron bunches at 120 Hz, if a high repetition rate gun is added. This makes it possible to serve multiple beam lines at high average brightness. In the future, even higher bunch density trains are possible by making use of the full SLAC linac.
Several technical approaches are being developed to provide for ultrafast x-ray photon pulses (as short as around fsec or even into the attosec regime). Higher energy electron beams can provide higher photon energies. Self seeding can be implemented for enhanced temporal coherence and intensity control.

10. LCLS – the Science Program
Call for Letters of Intent
Broad call issued in April
Replies due June 21
LCLS SAC meets July 8-9
FEL Center
Proposal being submitted
to DOE-BES this week
Initial focus is three main and two exploratory areas
Faculty and research activities housed in central LOB

11. For More Information Please Visit Our “On-Line” Source of Information and News
…and a new set
of LCLS www pages
SSRL -
SSRL news -
newsletters/headlines/headlines.html
LCLS -

12. And All This is Only Possible with Strong Support of . . .
SSRL operations and research in materials science and chemistry is funded by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
Additional support for the SSRL structural biology program is provided by
LCLS Major Collaborating Institutions
LLNL
UCLA