1. Europe - Regions
Use your sketch map of Europe to label the “Geographic Regions of Europe”
Each region contains cultural (language, religion, customs) and physical (climates, landscapes) that distinguish it from the rest of Europe…

2. Specific time periods you need to know!
History of Europe
Specific time periods you need to know!

3. PREHISTORY Rise of Europe
Farming spread from Africa to Southwest Asia (Middle East) to Europe somewhere between 40-60,000 years ago.

4. Early Migrations

5. Ancient Greece – 1200 – 300 BC
Greece – formed separate communities called city-states.
City – states – independent, but linked to others by Greek language and culture.
Laid the foundation of European government and culture.
Athens introduced western idea of Democracy
Art, literature, drama, philosophy, and math are lasting legacies.

6. Greece
Europe
Middle East / Asia
Northeastern Africa

7. Ancient Greece

8. The Roman Empire (27 BC – 476 AD)
Rome – Conquered an empire that spanned much of Europe, southwest Asia, and Africa.
Developments in government, law, and engineering influenced other cultures.
Roads and bridges
Aqueducts were also used – Their waterway system, indoor plumbing, running water, and sewer system.
Republic (vs Greek direct democracy)

9. The Roman Empire

10. Coliseum

15. Christian Europe
Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire in the form of Catholicism and eventually spread throughout all of the Western world.
Two parts of Empire with two leaders:
Byzantine = East
Roman = West

16. Eastern and Western Roman Empire

17. The Fall of the Roman Empire
There are several reasons why Rome fell.
What do you think some of those are?
Eastern half – lasted until 1400’s and their religion was known as Eastern Orthodoxy.

18. The Middle Ages 476 - 1453 Period between ancient and modern times.
Feudalism – a system in which lords gave land to nobles in return for loyalty replaced civil governments.
Roman Catholic Church preserved writing and knowledge
Most people could not read or write

19. Art of the middle ages is very distinct

20. Feudalism and its function

21. Influence of other religious groups
Jews – had cities and towns, made contributions, yet many Europeans considered them outsiders.
Many settled in Eastern Europe where they formed their own culture.
Islam – Belief in one God, and the preaching of Muhammad
Significant Islamic culture developed in Spain

22. Black Plague Disease that spread across Europe from 1350 - 1450
Almost 100% mortality rate.
Caused by fleas that were previously attached to rats. The bacteria in the rat blood, carried over in fleas to infect humans.
25,000,000 died (1 out of every three died…) Almost wiped out all of Europe

23. Black Plague

24. Black Plague
Obsession with Death !

25. Flagellanti
“Leeching”
Attempts to Stop the Plague

26. Black Plague

27. Expansion of Europe
Crusades – series of brutal religious wars to gain back Palestine (Israel), the birthplace of Christianity from the Muslims (1095 – 1272)
Renaissance – A 300 year period of discovery and learning (1300 – 1600)
Advances in European Civilization
Inability of the Catholic Church to end the Plague caused doubt in religion, and caused many to look to science for guidance
Interest in ancient cultures of Rome and Greece
Stressed the importance of people and their place in the world
Led to scientific advances, literature, and sculpture

28. Crusades

29. Crusades

30. Renaissance

31. Expansion of Europe
Reformation (1517 – 1648) – religious movement that lessened the power of the Roman Catholic church. - Led to the Beginning of Protestantism
- This led to religious wars where European monarchs had power over nobles and the Church

32. Reformation
Martin Luther – leader of the Reformation

33. European Exploration (1760 – 1870)
Europe conquest to find new land and goods.
Wanted to beat Chinese and Muslim empires
Significant Explorers:
Christopher Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan,
Vasco DaGama

34. Areas of European Expansion
Columbus probably never reached the North American mainland… This is a likely route based on historical writings (1492)

35. DaGama was the first to sail around Africa to India (1498)

36. Magellan was the first to sail around the entire world!

37. Enlightenment (1650 – 1800)
Movement where educated Europeans emphasized the importance of reason and began to question traditions and values.
Caused revolutions

38. Enlightenment

39. Revolutions
People wanted a say in government, so they challenged the monarchs
England, France, and others.

40. French Revolution (1789 – 1799) + = French Revolution
Note: We wouldn’t have won independence from Britain if not for help from the French… +
= French Revolution

41. Industrial Revolution
Began in England and rapidly spread to other countries
Machinery, industrial cities, and transportation were all new.
Industrial Capitalism – emerged here when business leaders used profits to expand companies
Emerged a middle class

42. Industrial Revolution

43. Communism
Social problems between factory workers and others led to this
Communism is a philosophy that called for a society based on economic equality in which workers controlled factories and industries.

45. WWI War between European powers
Result – monarchies collapsed, several countries in Central and Eastern Europe,
Versailles peace treaty – said the Germany was guilty and had to make Reparations.
Reparations – payment for damages

46. WWI

47. WWII
Extension of WWI
Rise of Germany and Italy – dictatorships b/c of the Great Depression
Most of the world involved
Holocaust – the mass killing of more than 6 million Jews and others by German Nazi leaders

48. WWII

49. Holocaust

50. Cold War War after WWII Eastern Europe & Russia = Communist control
Western Europe & U.S. = Democracy
War of words and power between these two types of governments.
Western Europe grew, while Eastern Europe lagged behind during this time.
Germany split into two sides East & West

51. Cold War

52. New Era Eastern Countries pushed for independence
Berlin Wall came down and Germany was reunited in 1990.
Democracies emerged in Eastern Europe

53. European Union Emerged from Western European countries
Goal was a united Europe where goods, services, and workers could move freely
Euro – EU’s currency started in 1999
15 members, but looking to add Eastern Europe.

54. European Union