1. John Adams Presidency

2. John Adams Became the Second President The Election of 1796
Jefferson
Adams
OOPS
Democratic-
Republican
Federalist 71
Electoral
Votes 68
Electoral
Votes
President
Vice President

3. Causes of the XYZ Affair
Jay’s Treaty between US and Britain made the French mad
France refused to allow the US to send an American ambassador to France
France began seizing American ships bound for Britain
MINE
American
Ambassador
We don’t want you in our country!

4. Give us $250,000 and we will let you see Talleyrand
The XYZ Affair
Adams sent three high-level American delegates to France to negotiate peace
France sent three low-level delegates who asked for a large bribe
R U srs?!
Give us $250,000 and we will let you see Talleyrand X Y Z

5. Effects of the XYZ Affair
We hate France!
(Americans were angry with France)
Let’s raise an army of 50,000!
Let’s create a Navy!
Tell Washington he needs to come out of Retirement!

6. What is an “alien”?
Someone who is from somewhere else
An immigrant

7. Negative speech about the government
What is “sedition”?
Negative speech about the government

8. The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798
Laws that:
Made it harder for immigrants to become American citizens
Gave the President the power to deport immigrants with no explanation or reason
The Government could arrest and fine anyone who spoke out against the President or government

9. Immigrants to the U.S. in the 1790s
What jobs do you think they had?
What political party do you think they supported?
low-wage jobs
Democratic-Republican Party

10. Democratic- Republicans
This violates Americans first amendment right of free speech!
This is mainly targeting the Democratic-Republican party!
Democratic-
Republicans

11. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
Documents written by Democratic-Republicans
Said the federal government had no right to use powers the Constitution did not give them
Created the Doctrine of Nullification
Idea that states can void any federal law they felt was harmful to their state

12. Effect of Alien and Sedition Acts on John Adams Presidency
Damaged Adam’s and the Federalist Party’s reputation
Support for the Democratic-Republican party grew

13. Election of 1800
Adams vs. Jefferson… again
Jefferson defeated Adams, but tied with his running mate Aaron Burr

14. Congress Breaks the Tie of 1800
The House of Representatives had to break the tie between Jefferson and Burr
Alexander Hamilton convinced Federalists to give the win to Jefferson
Hated Jefferson, but felt Burr was unqualified to be president

15. Electors cast separate ballots for president and vice-president
To prevent this conflict in the future, Congress passed the 12th Amendment
Electors cast separate ballots for president and vice-president

16. Burr found out what Hamilton had said about him and challenged him to a duel
Hamilton fired the first shot, but missed. Burr hit Hamilton in the stomach and he died the next day

17. Midnight Judges Adams was about to leave office
He convinced Congress to pass a law that added more federal judges to the Judicial Branch
They were nicknamed the “midnight judges” because Adams appointed them on his very last day in office
All of the judges he chose were Federalists

18. Midnight Judges
Some of the paperwork for the midnight judges was not delivered while Adams was still in office
Jefferson argued that the appointments didn’t count because the paperwork wasn’t delivered in time

19. Marbury v. Madison
I demand my paperwork!
One of the midnight judges, William Marbury, demanded his paperwork be delivered
I’m James Madison, Jefferson’s Secretary of State, and I refuse to deliver these papers to you!

20. Marbury v. Madison Significance:
The Supreme Court stepped in and ruled that the law that created the new judges was unconstitutional
Marbury did not become a judge
Significance:
This was the first time the Supreme Court had declared an act of Congress illegal
Gave the Supreme Court the Power of “Judicial review”- the power to declare an act of Congress Unconstitutional