1. Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Seat work
Students will quietly enter the room, find your seats and discuss your three sticky notes on pages with your row group.

2. Europe in the Early Middle Ages
What do geographers sometimes call a “peninsula of peninsulas”?
Europe
Who crowned Charlemagne emperor?
Pope Leo III
What year did Charles Martel unite the Frankish lands?
717

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Introduction
Chapter Introduction
This chapter will introduce you to A New Civilization in Europe, which began after the fall of the Roman empire. You will learn about the Middle Ages and the struggles over power and religion during this time.
Section 1: Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Section 2: The Spread of Christianity in Europe
Section 3: The Development of European
Feudalism

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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
What geographic features can make it difficult for a civilization to grow or spread?
Civilization
Have students review the text under the heading The Geography of Europe in Section 1. Then have them fill in the graphic organizer.

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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Key Ideas
Europe’s varied geography of plains, mountains, and rivers has attracted many different
peoples.
After the fall of Rome, Germanic tribes such as the Franks formed kingdoms.
The Frankish emperor Charlemagne united a large part of Western Europe.
Help students understand Europe’s physical features by having them examine the map Europe: Physical in Section 1.

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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Key Terms
Middle Ages—period between ancient times and modern times, roughly from A.D. 500 to 1500
medieval—from the Latin for “middle age,” relating to the Middle Ages
topography—physical features of a place
clergy—people who are trained and ordained for religious services
Students should use the Word Wise feature for Section 1 of A New Civilization in Europe in their Student Journal to explore Key Terms.

7. Geography of Europe The Scandinavian Peninsula divides the
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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Geography of Europe
The Scandinavian Peninsula divides the
Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea.
Europe’s topography is varied.
The North European Plain is the fertile heart
of the continent.
Europe’s rivers flow from the central
mountains and highlands, bringing water to
farmland.

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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
New Kingdoms in Europe
Europe’s favorable geography attracted different peoples to migrate into Western Europe.
The Lombards settled in Europe’s river valleys.
The Angles, Saxons, and Jutes moved across the North Sea to the British Isles.
Point out and discuss the map in Section 1 showing Germanic migrations.

10. The Age of Charlemagne Who was Charles Martel’s grandson?
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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
The Age of Charlemagne
Who was Charles Martel’s grandson?
When did Charlemagne become king of the Franks?
Have students review the text under the heading The Age of Charlemagne in Section 1.

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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Charlemagne’s Europe
Charlemagne was a powerful ruler who expanded his empire with a fierce army.
Charlemagne’s empire was vast and contained different tribal groups.
Charlemagne valued education and encouraged the creation of schools.
Have students examine the Closer Look feature in Section 1, Charlemagne’s Europe. Guide a class discussion about Charlemagne’s reign.

12. Charlemagne and the Church
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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Charlemagne and the Church
What effect did the crowning of Charlemagne have on the Catholic Church?
Crowning of Charlemagne
The Catholic Church
Have students review the myStory about Charlemagne and Leo to help them fill in the graphic organizer.

13. How did the Treaty of Verdun affect Charlemagne’s empire?
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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
How did the Treaty of Verdun affect Charlemagne’s empire?
Treaty of Verdun
Charlemagne’s Empire
Have students review the information under the subheading Europe After Charlemagne to understand the effects of the Treaty of Verdun.

14. Page 255 in student workbooks.
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Europe in the Early Middle Ages
Page 255 in student workbooks.
Have students review the material in Section 1 under the heading New Kingdoms in Europe. Then have them fill in the graphic organizer.