1. TITLE: FORESTS AND WILDLIFE AUTHOR’S NAME: DHANYA MANOOR AFFILIATION: STUDENT (10TH STANDARD, VIKASA HIGH SCHOOL) ADDRESS: VIKASA HIGH SCHOOL, ALKOLA, SHIVAMOGGA

2. FORESTS:
Generally saying FORESTS are the large areas covered thickly with plants and trees..

3. TROPICAL EVER GREEN FORESTS

4. TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FORESTS

5. TROPICAL THORN AND SHRUB FORESTS:
These forests are found where rain fall is between 60 and 75 cms. These forests have short stem trees
Babul , Kasvi ,coarse grass ,palms and Kikar trees are found

6. DESERT VEGETATION

7. MANGROOVE FORESTS

8. HIMALAYAN OR ALPINE VEGETATION

9. IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS They provide raw materials to Industry
They provide food, fodder, fuel, fertilizer and fibre.
They prevent soil erosion and preserve the fertility of the
soil.
They provide moisture and lower the temperature.
They are the home for many animals and birds, thus , they preserve the biodiversity.
They maintain the ecological balance.

10. DEPLETION OF FORESTS
·  Large scale cutting of trees for different purposes like Industries.
·  Over grazing by cattle.
·  Irrigation and power projects.
·  Forest fire, floods etc.

11. CONSERVATION OF FORESTS
1.   Nationalization of forest operations
2. Protection and operation of wild life and environment.
3.  Commercialization of Industrial forest operation.
4.  Raising the forest area to 33.3% of land of India.
5.  Social forestry

12. SOME OF THE FACTS REGARDING THESE FORESTS
Forests in India that constitutes about 2% of the World’s total area cover 22.8% of the land.
Arunchal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh have the largest and the denser forest area in India.
Haryana has the lowest forest area.

13. WILD LIFE means the native animals of a region.

14. NEELGAI
SWAMP DEER
CHAUSINGA

15. ENDANGERED SPECIES
These are the species, which are in danger of extinction and which may not survive if the adverse factors continue to rotate.

16.  VULNERABLE SPECIES
The species likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if the causal adverse factors continue to operate

17. RARE SPECIES
These are the species with small population in the world and are at risk

18. THREATENED SPECIES
These are Species, which are in any one of the Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare Species categories

19. THREATENED REPTILES, BIRDS AND MAMMALS OF INDIA
AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES
BIRDS
MAMMALS
Salamander
Marsh Crocodile
Estuarine Crocodile
Gharial
The Great Indian Bustard
The white winged wood duck
Capped langur
Tiger
Lion
Leopard
Snow leopard
Golden Cat
Fishing cat
Sloth bear
Desert Cat

20. TIGER SNOW LEOPARD
FISHING CAT

21. MARSHY CROCODILE
GREAT INDIAN BUSTARD
WHITE WINGED WOOD DUCK

22. REASONS FOR DEPLETION OF WILD LIFE
1. Absence of shelter to wild animals.
2.  Deforestation
3. Destruction of wild plants which affects the survival of wild life
4. Pollution

23. NECESSITY FOR WILD LIFE CONSERVATION
1. The wild life helps us in maintaining balance of nature.
2. It can increase our foreign exchange if linked with tourism.
3. The preservation of wild life helps to make their study easy.
4. The wild life of India is our cultural asset and had deep rooted effect on Indian art, sculpture and religion.

24. MODES OF WILD LIFE CONSERVATION
Protection by law
Protected species of Indian wild life
Establishment of Sanctuaries and National park
Natural habitates of wild life should be carefully protected
Shooting and hunting of endangered species should be totally banned
Research on wildlife should be encouraged
Public should be educated

25. NATIONAL PARKS IN KARNATAKA
Bandipur
Bannerghatta
Nagarahole
Kudermukh
Anashi

26. National parks of Karnataka

27. SANCTURIES IN KARNATAKA
Adichunchanagiri
Arabithittu
Attiveri
Daroji
Gudavi
Ranganathittu
Shettihalli
Mookambika
Ghataprabha