1. Value Scale & Monochromatic Scale
We will be creating 4 value scales, 2 tonal and 2 gradient
Will learn Terms Related to Value and Monochromatic Scale.
Please take notes.

2. Terms
Value: The lightness or darkness of a tone/colour. Visual weight of a color.
Contrast:The difference between light and dark, size, color, shape, and textures.
Value Scale: The gradation between light to dark on a scale.
Monochromatic: the full value range of one color. Tints and shades of one hue.
Thumbnail Sketch: small sketches that helps work out ideas, spatial issues, layout, and helps you brainstorm ideas for compositions.
Negative Space: The space around, inside and object.
Positive Space: The space that makes up the object.
View Finder: a tool to help you find an interesting composition. It helps to frame the view to reduce drawing extraneous visual information.
Gradient: the gradual value transition from dark to light (or vice versa).
Medium/Media: the tool one uses to create art. For example, watercolors, pencil, paint, charcoal, colored pencils, etc.

3. Examples of Value Scales
Notice you can see the value scale with a nice even gradation from one value to the next.
If you squint your eyes you can tell if the transitions from one value to the next is correct of if there is too much of a jump.

4. Why is Value & Contrast Important?
Value changes and contrast helps the viewer “read” a composition.
Value and contrast makes a two-dimensional work appear to be three-dimensional! It is how we create realism!
The two images both show contrast… However the bottom has no VALUES! What does each make you feel?

5. Monochromatic Scale
The Monochromatic scale is just like the value scale but with color.
With a monochromatic scale, you will create a value scale with values that are dark to light with a color of your choice.

6. How To Create a Value Scale
To make one yourself, you need to take out a ruler and make a long rectangle that has 10 equal parts.

7. Tips
I like to start at the dark side and work my way to light, slowly building up layers of pencil to increase my density and darkness.
Remember it is always easier to make something darker than it is lighten it! Sometimes it is hard to erase the materials once you lay them down. Sometimes you can’t or end up with “ghosting”
Have a classmate hold your scale at a distance! Do you see distinct shades or do some still look the same?

8. Sketchbook Exercise 1
Create 2 tonal value scales that have 10 distinct shades of grey.
i) one that use your HB pencil
ii) one that uses your 4B pencil
Your 10th spot will be the darkest you can make with pencil and spot 1 will be white. You will have to make all the shades in between in a gradual change.
Split your 4B value scale in half horizontally. Apply your blender to the TOP half only.

9. Sketchbook Exercise 2
To create 2 gradients that gradually transition through 10 distinct shades of grey.
A) one that use your HB pencil
B) one that uses your 2B penci
Strive for even, gradual and subtle transition in your tone. Stretch across the WHOLE length of the scale. You shouldn’t be able to say “that’s where the tone changed” in any one spot because it’s constantly changing in a gradient.(protip: you can use the tonal scale you created to get a hint as to approximately which level of grey you should be around along the length of the gradient.)

10. Sketchbook Exercise 3
To create 2 value scales that gradually transition through 10 distinct shades each of ONE HUE.
i/ In one use just one hue of a coloured pencil to shade a TONAL SCALE
ii/ In the other use a different hue to create a GRADIENT SCALE.

11. You should have: 1 tonal scale in HB 1 tonal scale in 4B 1 gradient in 2B…split in half down the length of the scale with the blender applied. 1gradient in HB 1 monochromatic tonal scale 1 monochromatic gradient (in a different hue from tonal monochromatic)