1. ECOLOGY
Chapter 2 Notes

2. Basics of Ecology
Ecology is: the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment
Ex: Humans polluting the environment

3. Sometimes they help… Sometimes they hurt.
Basics of Ecology
In other words: it is the study of relationships between living and non-living things
Sometimes they help… Sometimes they hurt.

4. Basics of Ecology
An ecologist: scientist who studies these relationships.

5. BIOTIC = LIVING
ABIOTIC = NONLIVING

6. Organization of the Biosphere
ecosystem
community
population
organism
Biosphere

7. BIOSPHERE:planet earth
Starts at the deepest ocean and goes up to the atmosphere—anywhere life can exist.

8. Biosphere
Life is not evenly distributed in the biosphere

9. Ex: water, rocks, fish, & plants
Ecosystem: a specific environment; includes both biotic (LIVING) and abiotic (NONLIVING) things in an area
Ex: water, rocks, fish, & plants

10. COMMUNITY—Many different types of organisms living together.
Only includes the Biotic (living) parts of an ecosystem.

11. POPULATION— . -Group of same species living together and reproducing
Ex: a school of fish; group of giraffes .

12. ORGANISM
-Just one living thing.
What do you think his name is?

13. Habitat: environment where an organism lives Ex: Your house;
Nemo’s sea anemone
A monkey’s tree

14. Niche Organism’s unique strategy for surviving in its environment
Niche: an organism’s “special role” in its environment

15. Which frog is better-adapted to its environment?

16. Is an animal better fit for this rainforest environment if it is green or brown? Big or small? If it flies, runs, climbs, or swims?

17. Niche
Even though they live in the same environment, everybody (or every organism) has to find a different way to live.
What would our society be like if everyone tried to play the same role (have the same niche)?

18. Example of Biosphere Organization
ecosystem
community
population
organism
Biosphere

19. Food Chains
Food Chain: linear model showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem →
How energy gets from sun to plants to animals
-Radiation into Chemical Energy

20. Food Chains

21. Food Web
Interlinking
food chains

22. Terms for Food Webs and Food Chains:
Trophic Level: feeding levels shown in a food web
In other words: are you a Producer? Consumer? Decompser?

23. Terms for Food Webs and Food Chains:
Producers: autotrophic organisms; at the bottom of the food chain; photosynthetic; usually plants

24. Terms for Food Webs and Food Chains:
Consumers: heterotrophic organisms; feed off other things
Primary (1o): eat producers (herbivores)
Secondary (2o): eat primary consumers
Tertiary (3o): eat secondary consumers

26. Terms for Food Webs and Food Chains:
Decomposers: bacteria and fungi that break down dead matter

27. Other Terms to Know Herbivore: eats producers (plants) Carnivore: eats
Ex: cow
Carnivore: eats
meat (animals)
Ex: lion

28. Omnivore: eats both producers (plants) and consumers (meat)
Ex: human

29. Pyramid of Numbers

30. Biomass
Energy(10% Rule)

31. Putting it All Together

32. Putting it All Together
Producer = autotroph
Primary consumer = heterotroph & herbivore
Secondary consumer = carnivore & heterotroph
Tertiary consumer = carnivore & heterotroph

33. https://goo.gl/ShCcDn

34. Biomagnification