1. Human body systems part II
Ch. 30 Digestive System
Ch. 32 Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary
Ch. 34 Endocrine and Reproductive

2. Chapter 30.3 Digestive System
Functions A.
B. Processed in four phases:
ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

3. Chapter 30.3 Digestive System
1. Ingestion
“putting food into the system”
opening to the digestive tract
2. Digestion
food broken down in 2 ways:
1. Mechanical: physical breakdown of food
2. Chemical: enzymes break down food into small molecules body can use

4. Chapter 30.3 Digestive System
3. Absorption
Once broken down, absorbed by cells in small intestine
4. Elimination
cannot digest/absorb all substances
i.e. Cellulose: travel through large intestine and eliminated as feces

5. Chapter 30.3 Digestive System
Travelling Food
1. Mouth: teeth tear and grind food into small pieces.
2. Esophagus: bolus travels (OREO) to stomach
Food is squeezed through peristalsis.
3. Stomach: muscle contractions churn and break food and forms liquid chyme.

6. Chapter 30.3 Digestive System
4. Small Intestine: bile, made in liver is released from gallbladder to small intestine.
Aids in fat digestion
5. Large Intestine: aka “colon”
Absorbs water as undigested material moves through and removed as feces.

7. Chapter 32.1Skeletal System
Functions
A. Supports the body
B. Protects internal organs
C. Assists movement
D. Stores minerals
E. Site of blood cell formation

8. Chapter 32.1Skeletal System
Bones
solid network of living cells
protein fibers surrounded by calcium salts deposit
Joints
contain connective tissues that hold bones together
Allows bones to move without damage
immovable, slightly movable, freely movable

9. Chapter 32.2 Muscular System
Skeletal
Responsible for voluntary movements: dancing, winking an eye—many nuclei
controlled by Central Nervous System (CNS)

10. Chapter 32.2 Muscular System
Smooth
no striations, single nucleus
responsible for pushing out baby out of uterus
movements are involuntary
i.e. stomach, blood vessels, intestines

11. Chapter 32.2 Muscular System
Cardiac

12. Chapter 32.3 Integumentary System
Skin

13. Functions Chapter 32.3 Integumentary System Protection
Body Temperature regulation
Excretion
sweat contains urea and salts
Information gathering
pressure, heat, cold, pain
Vitamin D production

14. Chapter 32.3 Integumentary System
Structure
1. Epidermis
2 layers: outer (dead cells) and inner (living cells)
2. _______
contain collagen, blood vessels, glands…
3. Hair (keratin, follicles)
protect scalp
4. Nails
grows at average rate of 3 mm/month
in cell division, the cells of nail root fill with keratin
producing platelike nail for protection

15. Components Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System
made up of glands that release hormones into the blood
hormones deliver messages throughout the body

16. Hormones Glands produces & releases a substance
Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System
Hormones
control reproduction, _________, growth, and development through substances
Glands
produces & releases a substance

17. Exocrine release secretions through ducts (tube-like structures)
Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System
Exocrine
release secretions through ducts (tube-like structures)

18. Endocrine releases hormones directly into __________.
Chapter 34.1 Endocrine System
Endocrine
releases hormones directly into __________.
transports to body

19. Closing
on the notecard: