1. Heat
Controlling Heat

2. Thermal Conduction
Thermal conduction – the process by which energy is transferred as heat through a material between two points at different temperatures
Particles start vibrating and moving, causing collisions
Energy is transferred through collisions
Thermal conductors – transfer energy as heat rapidly
Most metals
Thermal insulators – transfer energy as heat slowly
Asbestos, cork, ceramic, cardboard, fiberglass, plastic, rubber, gases
Cooking oil is not a good conductor, but it is used to transfer energy evenly

3. Convection and Radiation
Convection – transfer of energy using the displacement of cold matter by hot matter
Hot air rises, cold air sinks
Radiation – energy transferred as waves
Does not involve the movement of matter
Sun, microwave ovens

4. Clothing and Climate Clothing is used to maintain body temperature
Keep heat in in cold weather
Cool the body off in hot weather
Trap cool air close to the body or evaporate sweat to cool the body
Dress in layers
Traps layers of air between layers of clothes and the body
Air is a poor conductor, so energy is not transferred