1. Retroperitoneal structures and GI ligaments
By: Muthanna Al-lami

2. objectives Introduction The retroperitoneal structures Mnemonics
Gastrointestinal ligaments
Peritoneal sacs
References

3. introduction
The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum.
Organs are retroperitoneal if they have peritoneum on their anterior side only
Retroperitoneal structures include GI structures that lack a mesentery and non-GI structures.
Injuries to retroperitoneal structures can cause blood or gas accumulation in retroperitoneum.

4. The structures

6. The structures

7. Mnemonic SAD PUCKER" mnemonic of retroperitoneal structure
Suprarenal glands (adrenal glands)
Aorta and IVC
Duodenum
Pancreas(except tail)
Ureters
Colon (descending, ascending)
Kidneys
Esophagus(thoracic portion)
Rectum(partially)

8. Gastrointestinal ligaments
The peritoneal ligaments are double layers of peritoneum that pass from one organ to another or from an organ to one of the abdominal walls.

9. Peritoneal sacs

10. The peritoneal cavity can be divided into the greater and lesser peritoneal sacs.
The greater sac comprises the majority of the peritoneal cavity.
The lesser sac (also known as the omental bursa) is smaller and lies posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum

12. Gastrocolic

13. The ligaments
Falciform : connects the Liver to anterior abdominal wall
It conains ligamentum teres hepatis (derivative of fetal umbilical vein).
Hepatoduodenal : connects the Liver to the duodenum
It contains portal triad : proper hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct.
*Pringle maneuver—ligament may be compressed between thumb and index finger placed in omental foramen to control bleeding
Gastrohepati: connects the Liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach
It contains gastric arteries
It separates the greater and lesser sacs on the right and it is a part of lesser omentum .

14. Gastrocolic : connects greater curvature transverse colon
It contains gastroepiploic arteries
It is a part of greater omentum
Gastrosplenic : connects greater curvature and spleen
it contains short gastric arteris, left gastroepiploic vessels
It separates greater and lesser sacs on the left and it is a Part of greater omentum .
Splenorenal : connects the spleen to posterior abdominal wall
It contains the splenic artery and vein, tail of pancreas

15. References first-aid-for-the-usmle-step1-2017

16. Thank you