1. Components of Health Care
Health Care Systems
Components of Health Care

2. Intro
Health care systems include many agencies, facilities and people involved in the delivery of health care
According to US government statistics, health care is one of the fastest growing industries.

3. Healthcare Facilities
HC facilities are places that provide care or make it possible for some type of care to be delivered to patients.

4. Provide outpatient or inpatient care.
Hospitals
One of the major types of health care facilities
Size varies:
Small- provide basic care
Large- diagnosis, treatment, education and research
Provide outpatient or inpatient care.

5. Types of Hospitals General hospital Specialty Hospitals
Patients are there for short periods (few days to weeks).
Treat wide range of conditions and age groups
Diagnostic, medical, surgical, emergency
Specialty Hospitals
Provide care for special age groups or conditions
Burn, geriatric/children, oncology

6. Long-term Care Facilities
LTCFs:
Mainly for elderly
Often called residents
Also provide care for patients with disabilities or chronic conditions.
Many different types of LTCFs

7. Types of LTCFs Nursing Homes (Geriatric Homes)
Provide basic physical and emotional care
Individuals cannot care for themselves
Help with daily living activities, provide safe and secure environment, provide opportunities for social interaction

8. LTCFs Independent and Assisted Living:
Allows for people who can take care of themselves to rent or purchase an apartment in the facility
Provides services like laundry, transportation, social events and basic medical care

9. Types of LTCFs Extended Care Facilities (Skilled Care Facilities)
Provide skilled nursing care and rehabilitative care
Prepare patients or residents for return home or to other LTCFs
Subacute units provide services to patients who need rehabilitation to recover from major illness, surgery, or treatment

10. Types of Outpatient Facilities
Medical Offices
Clinic Centers
Dental Offices
Optical (eye) Centers
Imaging centers
Rehab Centers (physical & occupational rehab)

11. Medical Offices Vary greatly: offices owned by one doctor -OR-
Large clinic complexes that operate as corporations and employ many doctors and professionals

12. Medical Offices Specialty examples: Pediatrics: infants and children
Cardiology: diseases and disorders of the heart
Obstetrics: care of the pregnant female

13. Medical Clinics Examples: Surgical clinics (surgicenters)
Urgent or emergency care clinics
Rehabilitation clinics
Specialty clinics
Outpatient clinics
Health department clinics
Medical center clinics

14. Clinics Centers Urgent/Emergency Care Clinics: Rehabilitation Clinics:
Surgical Clinics (surgicenters):
Perform minor surgical procedures
“one-day” surgical centers
Urgent/Emergency Care Clinics:
Provide first aid or emergency care to ill or injured patients
Rehabilitation Clinics:
Offer physical, occupational speech and other similar therapies

15. Clinics Centers Specialty Clinics: Outpatient Clinics:
Provide care for specific diseases (ex: diabetic or oncology clinics)
Outpatient Clinics:
Usually operated by hospitals or large medical groups
Provide care for outpatients

16. Clinics Centers Health Department Clinics:
May offer clinics for pediatric care, treatments for STD’s and respiratory diseases, immunizations and other special services
Medical Center Clinics:
Usually located in colleges or universities
Offer clinics for various health conditions
Often offer free care and treatment to provide learning experiences for medical students

17. Emergency Care Services
Provide special care for victims of accidents or sudden illness
Facilities providing these services:
Ambulance services (both private and governmental)
Rescue squads (frequently operated by fire dept)
Emergency care clinics and centers
Emergency rooms operated by hospitals
Helicopter or airplane transport services

18. Laboratories Often part of other health care facilities
Can operate as separate health care services
Can perform diagnostic tests (blood or urine tests)
Dental labs-prepare dentures
Medical and dental offices may outsource lab work to independent labs

19. Home Health Care Designed to provide care in a patient’s own home
Frequently used by elderly and disabled patients
Examples:
Nursing care
Personal care
Therapy: physical, occupational, speech, respiratory
Homemaking: food prep, cleaning, household tasks

20. Hospice
Provide care for terminally ill persons with life expectancies of 6 months or less
Care can be provided in-home or in a hospice facility
Care directed toward allowing person to die with dignity and in comfort
Psychological, spiritual, social and financial counseling provided for both patient and family

21. Mental Health Facilities
Treat patients with mental disorders and diseases
Examples of facilities:
Guidance and counseling centers
Psychiatric clinics and hospitals
Chemical abuse treatment centers
Physical abuse treatment centers

22. Rehabilitation Facilities
Located in hospitals, clinics and/or private centers
Provide care to help patients with physical or mental disabilities obtain maximum self-care and function
Services may include:
Physical
Occupational
Recreational
Speech
Hearing

23. Agencies
Government Agencies: Use taxes to provide health care services by the federal, state, local government.
Ex: Food and Drug Administration, Center of Disease Control, US Public Health Dept., Occupational Safety & Health Administration

24. Agencies
Not-for-Profit Agencies: volunteer or non-profit organizations that receive support from donations, gifts, membership fees, and fundraisers.
They are not supported by the government and many people that work for them are not paid.
They raise funds for medical research and for public education.
Ex: American Red Cross, American Heart Association, American Cancer Society

25. Managed Care Goals
Managed care providers goals are to provide quality care at reasonable cost.

27. Health Maintenance Organizations
Provides total health care directed at preventative health care
Services:
Examinations
Basic medical services
Health education
Hospitalization
Rehabilitation services

28. Health Maintenance Organizations
Operated by large industries or corporations
-OR-
Operated by private agencies
Often use services of other health care facilities, including medical and dental offices, hospitals, rehabilitative centers, home health care agencies, clinics and laboratories.

29. Industrial Health Care Centers
AKA: occupational health clinics
Found in large businesses or companies
Provide health care for employees of the industry or business by performing basic examinations, teaching accident prevention and safety and providing emergency care.

30. School Health Services
Examples include:
Providing emergency care for victims of accidents and sudden illness
Performing tests to check for health conditions such as speech, vision and hearing problems
Promoting health education
Maintaining a safe and sanitary school environment
Counseling