1. The Internet What is the internet?
When and why was the internet created?
What is an IP address?

2. What is the internet exactly?
The internet is a worldwide system of interconnected networks and computers.
The internet was NOT created to link people or to be a communication and information facility.
The purpose of the internet was time-sharing. Time-sharing tried to make it possible for research institutions to use the processing power of other institutions computers when they had large calculations to do or when someone else’s facility might do the job better.
Although some people say the internet was created for other reasons…
Some say sputnik that Russians launched during Cold War (US was concerned about Soviet Union attacking from space). If Soviet’s launched a nuclear attack, it could wipe out the US’s long-distance communications network.

3. A Brief History Lesson:

4. History Video Highlights
The first workable prototype of the internet came in the late 1960s with the creation of ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency). It was created by the U.S. Department of Defense.
Joseph Licklider helped convince ARPA to fund research into a computer network connecting scientists and engineers throughout the country.
It was called ARPANET and was a form of messaging service between a few universities.

5. History Video Highlights
ARPANET was unsuccessful in the purpose of time-sharing. However, some important things came out, one being the development of the technique called packet switching.
Packet switching is a method of breaking down and regrouping communication for fast and efficient transfer through network devices.

6. History Video Highlights
In the late 1970s, the Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) prototypes were developed by Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf.
TCP/IP set standards for how data could be transmitted between multiple networks.
In 1983 ARPANET adopted TCP/IP and this became the OFFICIAL creation of the internet.

7. History Video Highlights
In 1991, the internet took on a design more recognizable to us today.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. This is often confused with the internet itself but it is really just the most common means of accessing data online in the form of websites and hyperlinks.
The web helped popularize the internet among the public and served as an important step in developing the storage of information that most of us now access on a daily basis.
Other IPs are gopher, FTP, USENET

8. What is an IP address?
An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a unique string of numbers separated by periods that identifies each computer to communicate over a network.
Think of it like how you address a letter to send in the mail, computers use the unique identifier to send data to specific computers on a network.
Most networks today use the TCP/IP protocol as the standard for how to communicate on the network.

9. Domain Name System (DNS)
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a protocol within the set of standards for how computers exchange data on the internet.
It’s basic job is to turn a user-friendly domain name like “howstuffworks.com” into an IP address like that computers use to identify each other on the network.

10. Top Level Domains (TLDs)
The three main generic TLD’s are:
.COM domains are generally intended to be used for commercial businesses
.NET domains are usually intended for networking services and internet service providers.
.ORG domains are USUALLY intended for non-profit organizations.
Other TLDs include .BIZ, .INFO, .US, and .TV

11. Top Level Domains (TLDs)
You can also have TLDs based on the country:
.EDU domains are educational institutions in the US
.GOV domains are US government entities
.CA domains are for Canada
.UK domains are for the United Kingdom
.LY domains are for Libya

12. Future Top-Level Domains
In 2012, ICANN allowed corporations to apply for new generic top-level domains.
The list for applications is LONG!
Examples include .GOOGLE, .PIZZA, .DOWNLOAD, and .SECURITY

13. Domains – CAUTION!
Because of the ease and low cost of making and maintaining a website, you should be aware of the potential for extremely biased or incorrect information found on many websites!
There is no regulatory body that controls the information on the Internet.

14. How can you check the accuracy of information on a website
How can you check the accuracy of information on a website? How can you check for biases?

15. How to tell if a source is reliable

16. Do you think there should be a regulatory board to govern the information on the internet? Or tighter control?
Impossible! Maybe there could be ways to organize/categorize websites based on personal vs professional?

17. Assignment: Research 3 different web hosts:
Find their REGULAR price per year for a basic website
3 features of that website host
Which do you prefer? Explain.
Total: 8 marks