1. PERSONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES5
PERSONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES

2. Learning Objectives Define values.
Compare and contrast values and attitudes.
Explain the origins of your values.
Identify your personal values.
Define and explain value systems.
Discuss the role of integrity.
Identify strategies for coping with values conflicts.
Apply values in a global context.

3. What Are Values
Values are the worth or importance attached to different factors in one’s life.

4. Values Versus Attitudes
Attitudes are affected by values.
Values may be tangible or intangible.

5. Where Values Come From

6. Where Values Come From
Figure 5.1: Social Factors of a Generation

7. What Are Your Values?

8. Eduard Spranger’s Six Value Systems
Theoretical Person
Economic Person
Aesthetic Person
Social Person
Religious Person
Eduard Spranger defined people based upon their value systems.

9. Theoretical Person Seeks to discover the truth Observes happenings
Avoids judgments

10. Economic Person
Personal needs, marketing, credit, wealth are more important to this person than social or artistic values.
Things in life that are useful are the most important.

11. Aesthetic Person
Beauty, form, and harmony are the most important to this type of person.

12. Social Person Values and loves other people.
Kindness and unselfishness are important.

13. Political Animal Power motivated
Values center on influence, fame, and power
Do well in careers that involve power and control

14. Religious Person Highest value is unity
Tries to understand the universe and its meaning

15. Value Systems Graves’s seven value levels: Reaction Tribalism
Egocentrism
Conformity
Achievement
Social orientation
Existentialism
Clare Graves (psychologist) believed that people evolved through levels of psychological existence.

16. Reaction Newborn babies just react
When they have a need they cry to have it fulfilled
Very few people stay on this level past infancy

17. Tribalism
Dealing with concerns about pain, shelter, and safety by giving in to the authority of a leader
Seen in aboriginal cultures where social divisions are common

18. Egocentrism Individualism to the extreme
“To heck with everyone else, I’m what matters”
Aggressive, restless, impulsive, not inclined to follow societies rules

19. Conformity People who need clarity and straightforwardness
Vagueness frustrates them
Have a hard time excepting others values but expect others to accept theirs
Easygoing until their values are challenged then they will sacrifice themselves or become violent

20. Achievement
Try to reach success by manipulating other people/situations to their advantage
Measure success in terms of money and power
Likely to show off whatever status symbols they have

21. Social orientation A people person
Getting along is more important than getting ahead
The approval of others who share their values is more important to them than money or fame

22. Existentialism Able to accept vagueness
Get along well with others who don’t share their own values
Goal oriented
Interest in overall, long-term profit rather than short-term gains
Concerned with the dignity of their fellow human beings
Hate violence

23. Value Systems Another way to see values systems
Pragmatism - The belief in the practicality of an action, rather than in strong belief in the idea behind that action.
Humanism - A belief in the worth and dignity of all people.
Idealism - The belief in the importance of ideas and thoughts.
Pragmatism: Actions speak louder than words
Humanism: All people are worth something
Idealism: The only thing valuable is what you hold in your mind

24. The Role of Integrity
Integrity is defined as soundness of moral character.
Integrity Quiz

25. The Role of Integrity
Personality ethic: Emphasis is placed on being likable, making sure that you are received well, and maintaining a positive mental attitude.
Character ethic: Emphasis is placed on principles, beliefs, and strong values rather than upon the use of various surface techniques.
Stephen Covey

26. Values Conflicts Interpersonal values conflicts
Personal vs. Group values
Internal Values Conflicts
Interpersonal Values Conflict: Working with others whose values differ from their own
Personal vs. Group Values: clash between the individual and the group
Internal Values Conflict: values conflict waged inside of you

27. Strategies for Success
Define your values.
Find out who you really are (don’t lie to yourself)

28. Strategies for Success
Build a character ethic for integrity

29. Values Exercise