1. Psychosocial Development
Erik Erikson
Psychosocial Development

2. Stage 1 (Birth – 1 Year) Infancy
Trust vs. Mistrust
Is my world predictable and supportive?
Basic Crisis: Receiving Care
Attachment: Willingness to let the mother out of sight w/o anxiety and with certainty she will return.
Failure to develop this trust may result in withdrawal or depression in adulthood.

3. Stage 2 (1-2 years) Toddlerhood
Autonomy vs. Shame (1-2)
Can I do it by myself or will I always need assistance?
Basic Crisis: assertion of independence through exploration & testing limits. (WILL)
Parents allow autonomy & impose safe limits
Child emerges sure of oneself
Feel proud rather than shame for maintaining their independence.

4. Stage 3 (3 to 5 years) Preschooler
Initiative vs. Guilt
Basic Crisis: ability to initiate tasks and carry out plans.
Guilt occurs if parents discourage such initiative. (tying shoes)
Parents must forbid some inappropriate behaviors, but in a way that doesn’t make child feel guilty.
Unsuccessful resolution: unworthy and afraid all initiatives will fail.

5. Stage 4 (6-11, puberty) Elementary School
Industry (Competence) vs. Inferiority
Basic Crisis: Children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to a task, or they feel inferior.
Constantly testing against peers for feelings of competency (industry) or lack of it (inferiority)
Adult encouragement to be productive can lead to a desire to seek intellectual stim.

6. Stage 5 (12-20) Adolescence Identity vs. Role Confusion
Basic Crisis: Who am I? Identity formation.
Adolescents need to be able to try on different roles in a secure environment.
Successful resolution: The ability to integrate various roles into 1 identity, or they become confused about who they are.

7. Stage 6 (20’s-40’s) Young Adulthood
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Basic Crisis: Loving Others
Committing to a close, sharing relationship
Surrendering some independence vs. keeping total independence
Unsuccessful resolutions involve loneliness and may lead to promiscuity, and feelings of social isolation.

8. Stage 7 (40’s-60’s) Middle Adulthood
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Basic Crisis: The middle-aged discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose
Look beyond yourself and immediate groups
Successful resolution: promotes caring attitudes and productive, happy feelings
Unsuccessful resolution: Selfishness

9. Stage 8 (60’s and Up) Late Adulthood
Integrity vs. Despair
Basic Crisis: Acceptance of life lived w/o major regrets (successful resolution of the 7 previous crises in development)
Successful resolution yields wisdom and an acceptance of self as being in the final phase of life
Unsuccessful resolution may despair that time has “run out”, fear of death.

10. Poster on Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Development
You will be creating a poster about Erikson’s 8 stages of development. Each group will illustrate both successful and unsuccessful resolutions of critical tasks at each stage. Indicate the specific name and age range of the stage.
Include the name of the stage, appropriate illustrations, age ranges associated with the stage, and a description of the task. You may include script on your page if your pictures need captions or explanations
This assignment will be turned in at the end of the hour or at the beginning of the next school day.