1. Reform and Radical Movements
Socialism
A variety of forms
Marxism
Karl Marx
Wrote Communist Manifesto with Engels
Proletariat against bourgeoisie
Communism
Marx and Religion

2. Reform and Radical Movements
Popular Movements
Women’s Suffrage
The right to vote
Temperance Movement
Temperance: Drinking in moderation
Abstinence: No drinking of alcohol
Britain
America

3. Reform and Radical Movements
Reform in Western Europe
Britain
Economic: Shift toward free trade
Corn Laws
Political and voting reforms:
Reform Bill of 1832
Reform Act of 1867
Parliament Bill of 1911

4. Reform and Radical Movements
Reform in Western Europe
France
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
Elected as president of Second Republic
Declared himself president for life
Emperor Napoleon III
Established Second Empire
Growth in several areas
Third Republic deposed Napoleon III

5. Reform and Radical Movements
Jews in Europe
Anti-Semitism
Germany
France
Dreyfus Affair
Russia
Pogroms

6. Changes in Culture and Education
Romanticism
First half of 19th century
Emphasized emotion rather than reason
Realism
Second half of 19th century
Portrayal of everyday life
Literature
Visual arts

7. Changes in Culture and Education
Britain
Sunday school movement
Public school system began in 1833
Germany
Free primary education for all children
France

8. Progress in Science and Technology
James Clerk Maxwell
Louis Pasteur
Pasteurization
Debunked spontaneous generation
Charles Darwin
Evolutionary theory
Origin of Species
The Descent of Man

9. Progress in Science and Technology
Transportation
Railroad
Steamship
Internal Combustion Engine
Flight
Communication
Telegraph
Telephone

10. Changes in Latin America and Canada
In the Region as a Whole
Successes
Failures
In Mexico
Economic and political instability
Porfirio Diaz
Mexico became prosperous for a time
Overthrow and civil war

11. Changes in Latin America and Canada
Nation Building
British North America Act
Self-Government